Characterization of Alternaria isolates and reaction of potato genotypes to early blight

Alvarenga, Thayssa Vilela Miguel; Ribeiro, Silvia Regina Rodrigues de Paula; Souza, Elaine Aparecida de; Pereira, Francielly de Cássia; Pinto, César Augusto Brasil Pereira

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20151447

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A . solani is considered to be an asexual pathogen, but some reports suggest parasexual reproduction is occurring in different populations and maybe even between related species (Alvarenga et al, 2016 ; Meng et al, 2015 ; Zhao et al, 2021 ). Therefore, we looked for signatures for recombination using LDHelmet (Chan et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One additional outcome of our study is clear evidence for recombination. Previous studies have suggested (para-)sexual recombination needs to happen in the field in order to explain the observed diversity patterns (Alvarenga et al, 2016;Meng et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2021), but the use of markers with low resolution left this open for confirmation. We used whole-genome data and three different methods to test possible recombination.…”

Section: Adhakiri Et Al Compared Field Population Diversity Of Threementioning

confidence: 99%

“…ports suggest parasexual reproduction is occurring in different populations and maybe even between related species(Alvarenga et al, 2016;Meng et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2021). Therefore, we TA B L E 2…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Alvarenga et al, 2016;Meng et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2021), but the use of markers with low resolution left this open for confirmation. We used whole-genome data and three different methods to test possible recombination.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Whole‐genome sequencing elucidates the species‐wide diversity and evolution of fungicide resistance in the early blight pathogen Alternaria solani

Einspanier

Susanto

Metz

et al. 2022

Evolutionary Applications

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Early blight of potato is caused by the fungal pathogen Alternaria solani and is an increasing problem worldwide. The primary strategy to control the disease is applying fungicides such as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI). SDHI-resistant strains, showing reduced sensitivity to treatments, appeared in Germany in 2013, shortly after the introduction of SDHIs. Two primary mutations in the SDH complex (SdhB-H278Y and SdhC-H134R) have been frequently found throughout Europe. How these resistances arose and spread, and whether they are linked to other genomic features, remains unknown. For this project, we performed whole-genome sequencing for 48 A. solani isolates from potato fields across Europe to better characterize the pathogen's genetic diversity in general and understand the development and spread of the genetic mutations that lead to SDHI resistance. The isolates can be grouped into seven genotypes. These genotypes do not show a geographical pattern but appear spread throughout Europe. We found clear evidence for recombination on the genome, and the observed admixtures might indicate a higher adaptive potential of the fungus than previously thought. Yet, we cannot link the observed recombination events to different Sdh mutations. The same Sdh mutations appear in different, non-admixed genetic backgrounds; therefore, we conclude they arose independently. Our research gives insights into the genetic diversity of A. solani on a genome level. The mixed occurrence of different genotypes, apparent admixture in the populations, and evidence for recombination indicate higher genomic complexity than anticipated. The conclusion that SDHI tolerance arose multiple times independently has important implications for future fungicide resistance management strategies. These should not solely focus on preventing the spread of isolates between locations but also on limiting population size and the selective pressure posed by fungicides in a given field to avoid the rise of new mutations in other genetic backgrounds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adhakiri Et Al Compared Field Population Diversity Of Threementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole‐genome sequencing elucidates the species‐wide diversity and evolution of fungicide resistance in the early blight pathogen Alternaria solani

Einspanier

Susanto

Metz

et al. 2022

Evolutionary Applications

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“…The occurrence of vegetative compatibility, also referred to as mycelial compatibility, is a prerequisite for the parasexual cycle and therefore often interpreted as evidence or a hint for parasexual recombination. A. solani and A. grandis from potato both show vegetative compatibility (Alvarenga et al., 2016 ; van der Waals et al., 2004 ). Zhao, Fan, et al.…”

Section: Reproduction and Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria diseases on potato and tomato

Schmey,

Tominello‐Ramirez,

Brune

et al. 2024

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Alternaria spp. cause different diseases in potato and tomato crops. Early blight caused by Alternaria solani and brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata are most common, but the disease complex is far more diverse. We first provide an overview of the Alternaria species infecting the two host plants to alleviate some of the confusion that arises from the taxonomic rearrangements in this fungal genus. Highlighting the diversity of Alternaria fungi on both solanaceous hosts, we review studies investigating the genetic diversity and genomes, before we present recent advances from studies elucidating host–pathogen interactions and fungicide resistances.TaxonomyKingdom Fungi, Phylum Ascomycota, Class Dothideomycetes, Order Pleosporales, Family Pleosporaceae, Genus Alternaria.Biology and host rangeAlternaria spp. adopt diverse lifestyles. We specifically review Alternaria spp. that cause disease in the two solanaceous crops potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). They are necrotrophic pathogens with no known sexual stage, despite some signatures of recombination.Disease symptomsSymptoms of the early blight/brown spot disease complex include foliar lesions that first present as brown spots, depending on the species with characteristic concentric rings, which eventually lead to severe defoliation and considerable yield loss.ControlGood field hygiene can keep the disease pressure low. Some potato and tomato cultivars show differences in susceptibility, but there are no fully resistant varieties known. Therefore, the main control mechanism is treatment with fungicides.

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An IPM plan for early blight disease of potato Alternaria solani sorauer and A. alternata (Fries.) Keissler

Esfahani

2020

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection

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Characterization of Alternaria isolates and reaction of potato genotypes to early blight

Abstract: Early blight is one of the most important fungal diseases of potato. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro reaction of potato genotypes to the severity of early blight and compare the species

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Whole‐genome sequencing elucidates the species‐wide diversity and evolution of fungicide resistance in the early blight pathogen Alternaria solani

Whole‐genome sequencing elucidates the species‐wide diversity and evolution of fungicide resistance in the early blight pathogen Alternaria solani

Alternaria diseases on potato and tomato

An IPM plan for early blight disease of potato Alternaria solani sorauer and A. alternata (Fries.) Keissler

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