Characterization of Aircraft Wake Vortices by Multiple-Lidar Triangulation

Köpp, F.; Smalikho, Igor N.; Rahm, Stephan; Dolfi, Agnès; Cariou, Jean-Pierre; Harris, Michael; Young, Robert I. M.; Weekes, Kevin; Gordon, Neil

doi:10.2514/2.2048

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…These intersections provide the angular information used subsequently to derive vortex location by the triangulation methodology. 19 The two series of angular measurements from each lidar can then be combined to estimate the core coordinates, as well as the ranges, that is, the distances between the lidars and the vortex cores. The elevation angles of the core intersection ϕ L2 Cl (t) and ϕ L3 Cl (t ) (where as before l = 1 for right and l = 2 for left vortex) are extracted from the envelopes V L2…”

Section: Processing Of Data Measured By Cw Lidarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cl and R L3 Cl , that is, distances between lth vortex core and L2 and L3 lidar, respectively, is given in Ref. 19. For estimation of the vortex circulation , the integration method 20 is used, where the input parameters are V Lm ± (ϕ), ϕ Lm Cl and R Lm Cl , where m = 2 and 3 is the lidar label.…”

Section: Processing Of Data Measured By Cw Lidarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both types have been successfully used for measurements of the wake-vortex characteristics. 19,21 To minimize the uncertainty in the distance between the cw lidar and the vortex core, the measurements can be simultaneously carried out with two cw lidars, and the vortex trajectories can be derived using the triangulation method. This strategy was successfully tested in spring 2001 in a field trial at the Fairchild-Dornier airfield, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, under the European Commission (EC) Project C-Wake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strategy was successfully tested in spring 2001 in a field trial at the Fairchild-Dornier airfield, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, under the European Commission (EC) Project C-Wake. 19 An integration method 20 can be applied for estimation of the vortex circulation from the measured dependence of the tangential velocity on the distance from the vortex center. A similar approach of circulation estimation from data measured with a pulsed lidar was presented in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Wake-Vortex Parameters Measured by Pulsed and Continuous-Wave Lidars

Köpp¹,

Rahm²,

Smalikho³

et al. 2005

Journal of Aircraft

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Field trials carried out at Tarbes airfield in the summer of 2002 offered the unique opportunity to compare the results of simultaneous wake-vortex measurements by the 2-µm pulsed Doppler lidar from DLR, German Aerospace Research Center, and the 10-µm continuous wave (cw) Doppler lidars from ONERA and QinetiQ. The discrepancies in vortex core position obtained from the data of the pulsed lidar and the cw lidars are 9 m for the vertical and 13 m for the horizontal coordinates. The accuracies of the vortex circulation measurements with the DLR and ONERA lidars are almost the same and equal 13 m 2 /s. This accuracy and the long-range capability of the pulsed lidar allows precise measurements over long periods from the moment of wake generation to a progressed state of vortex decay. Moreover, the influence of different atmospheric turbulence conditions and aircraft configurations on the wake-vortex circulation can be analyzed. This has been demonstrated out of ground effect under conditions of weak to moderate levels of turbulence.

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Section: Processing Of Data Measured By Cw Lidarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Processing Of Data Measured By Cw Lidarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of Wake-Vortex Parameters Measured by Pulsed and Continuous-Wave Lidars

Köpp¹,

Rahm²,

Smalikho³

et al. 2005

Journal of Aircraft

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“…Wake Vortex behaviors very close to the ground have very complex causes that could change abruptly and need for real time monitoring [5]. The CDL(Coherent Doppler Lidar) system is a useful tool that can measure wind, turbulence, aircraft wake vortices, and so forth [5][6][7][8][9][10].The pulsed Coherent Doppler Lidar Detection and Ranging is an indispensable access to real aircraft vortices behavior which transmitting a laser beam and detecting the radiation backscattered by atmospheric aerosol particles [11]. The Line-OfSight (LOS) velocity component of the air motion could get by analyzing the Doppler shift in the frequency of the backscattered signal [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aircraft Wake Vortex Measurement with Coherent Doppler Lidar

Liu

2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Aircraft vortices are generated by the liftproducing surfaces of the aircraft. The variability of near-surface conditions can change the drop rate and cause the cell of the wake vortex to twist and contort unpredictably. The pulsed Coherent Doppler Lidar Detection and Ranging is an indispensable access to real aircraft vortices behavior which transmitting a laser beam and detecting the radiation backscattered by atmospheric aerosol particles. Experiments for Coherent Doppler Lidar measurement of aircraft wake vortices has been successfully carried out at the Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA). In this paper, the authors discuss the Lidar system, the observation modes carried out in the measurements at BCIA and the characteristics of vortices. INTRODUCTIONWake vortices are generated by the lift-producing surfaces of the aircraft [1]. The lifting surfaces of all aircraft produce wake vortices to some extent [2,4]. The vortex created by a large aircraft can have a catastrophic effect on a small airplane following closely behind [3].The variability of near-surface conditions (temperature, humidity, wind shear, etc.) can change the drop rate and cause the vortex cell to twist and contort unpredictably [4]. Wake Vortex behaviors very close to the ground have very complex causes that could change abruptly and need for real time monitoring [5]. The CDL(Coherent Doppler Lidar) system is a useful tool that can measure wind, turbulence, aircraft wake vortices, and so forth [5][6][7][8][9][10].The pulsed Coherent Doppler Lidar Detection and Ranging is an indispensable access to real aircraft vortices behavior which transmitting a laser beam and detecting the radiation backscattered by atmospheric aerosol particles [11]. The Line-OfSight (LOS) velocity component of the air motion could get by analyzing the Doppler shift in the frequency of the backscattered signal [12]. From the LOS velocities and the broadening process of the backscattering spectrum the characteristic of the aircraft vortices can be deduced. The pulsed CDL system (Fig.l) is based on allfiber laser technology and fast digital signal processing technology. The laser equipped in the CDL system is 1.5-J..lm eye-safe fiber laser which has an adjustable pulse length of lOOns to 800 ns and a pulse repetition frequency of 10kHz. The measurement range of the CDL system is ±50mls, while the speed measurement uncertainty is 0.1 mls. The scanner and detection range of 3000m enable the system to detect the aircraft wake vortices. The fiber-based optical circuit works stable even under vibrating environment and temperature variation. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectral estimates are processed with FPGA in real time. All these design of the pulsed CDL system make it stable, reliable and high-integrated [13].2. METHODOLOGY The OUC Lidar team developed and carried out aircraft wake vortex field observation on the final approach to test out the performance of LOS velocity measurement in RHI (Range Height Indicator) and in ATOM (Along Track Observation...

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Aircraft Wake Vortices: From Fundamental Research to Operational Application

Holzäpfel¹,

Gerz²

2012

Atmospheric Physics

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Characterization of Aircraft Wake Vortices by Multiple-Lidar Triangulation

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Comparison of Wake-Vortex Parameters Measured by Pulsed and Continuous-Wave Lidars

Comparison of Wake-Vortex Parameters Measured by Pulsed and Continuous-Wave Lidars

Aircraft Wake Vortex Measurement with Coherent Doppler Lidar

Aircraft Wake Vortices: From Fundamental Research to Operational Application

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