Characterization of Advanced Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy Applications

Abstract

This research examines the properties of advanced nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for use in sustainable energy applications. An examination of material composition shows that graphene has a carbon content of 95%, carbon nanotubes have 90% carbon, and MOFs have a carbon content of 70% combined with 20% nitrogen. Structural analysis reveals the shape and pore structure of the nanomaterials. Graphene and carbon nanotubes have a high level of crystallinity and a restricted range of pore sizes, while MOFs have a lower level of crystallinity and a larger range of pore sizes. The electrochemical performance test confirms that the produced nanomaterials are suitable for energy storage applications. Graphene and carbon nanotubes have specific capacities of 300 mAh/g and 350 mAh/g, respectively, while MOFs have a specific capacity of 250 mAh/g. An environmental impact study has shown that there are differences in energy consumption, waste production, and CO2 emissions when it comes to synthesizing nanomaterials. Among these, graphene synthesis has been shown to have the least negative influence on the environment. This study enhances the comprehension of nanomaterial characteristics and their possible uses in sustainable energy technologies, offering valuable knowledge for the development and improvement of energy storage devices based on nanomaterials.