Characterization of Active Anthocyanin Degradation in the Petals of Rosa chinensis and Brunfelsia calycina Reveals the Effect of Gallated Catechins on Pigment Maintenance

Luo, Honghui; Deng, Shuangfan; Wei, Fu; Zhang, Xin; Zhang, Xuelian; Zhang, Zhaoqi; Pang, Xuequn

doi:10.3390/ijms18040699

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…More anthocyanin accumulation in the CH+ 5 mM OA‐treated fruit could be due to the role of OA as an elicitor in anthocyanin biosynthesis (Sayyari et al., 2010). It has been proved previously that total anthocyanin decreases during due to increase in the activity of PPO and POD enzymes and accumulation of H 2 O 2 (Luo et al., 2017). Therefore, in the present study, observed decrease in the PPO activity (Figure 4a) and H 2 O 2 content (Figure 2c) via application of CH, organic acid, and their combination could be one of the main reasons for maintaining anthocyanin content.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Maintenance of quality and bioactive compounds in pomegranate fruit (Punica granatumL.) by combined application of organic acids and chitosan edible coating

et al. 2020

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Pomegranate is a subtropical fruit that affects its cold storage. To ameliorate chilling injury, fruits were treated with malic acid (50 and 100 mM MA) and oxalic acid (5 and 10 mM OA), and then, coated with 2% chitosan (CH) and stored at low temperature (2°C) for 4 months. Treatments significantly delayed the development of browning signs and reduced malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide of arils as compared to control. CH+ 5 mM OA resulted in the highest catalase activity in arils during storage. Anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, total phenolic compound, and antioxidant activity of arils were higher in CH+ 5 mM OA and CH+ 50 mM MA‐treated fruit. Also, the minimum PPO and POD activity of arils was found in CH+ 5 mM OA. Overall, CH edible coating following organic acids treatment, and especially 5 mM OA and 50 mM MA are beneficial treatments for preserving the quality of pomegranate fruit during storage. Practical applications Pomegranate fruit waste is high due to chilling sensitivity during cold storage. Coating fruit with 2% chitosan (CH) alone and with malic acid (50 and 100 mM MA) and oxalic acid (5 and 10 mM OA) could ameliorate chilling injury. Treatments reduce the development of browning signs. Overall, CH edible coating combined with 5 mM OA and 50 mM MA were the most effective treatments for ameliorating the chilling injury of pomegranate fruit.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Maintenance of quality and bioactive compounds in pomegranate fruit (Punica granatumL.) by combined application of organic acids and chitosan edible coating

et al. 2020

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“…The dominant pigments in rose petals are carotenoids and anthocyanins, which provide yellow and pink colors, respectively. Typically, orange petals result as a mixture of anthocyanins and carotenoids [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roses are an important floricultural crop and are the most popular cut flowers because of their various floral colors and shapes [ 3 ]. Flower color is the major horticultural characteristic of rose cultivars [ 3 , 4 ]. A broad range of floral colors are now available in the rose after many years of cultivar development, and many studies have investigated the contributions of rose pigments [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A broad range of floral colors are now available in the rose after many years of cultivar development, and many studies have investigated the contributions of rose pigments [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Rose flower colors are caused by the presence of pigments such as anthocyanins (cyanidin, peonidin, and pelargonidin), flavonols (quercetin and kaempferol), and carotenoids (xanthophylls) [ 1 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Gamma-Irradiated Mutants of Rose (Rosa hybrida)

Ryu

Lyu

Kim

et al. 2020

Plants

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Roses are one of the most important floricultural crops, and their essential oils have long been used for cosmetics and aromatherapy. We investigated the volatile compound compositions of 12 flower-color mutant variants and their original cultivars. Twelve rose mutant genotypes were developed by treatment with 70 Gy of 60Co gamma irradiation of six commercial rose cultivars. Essential oils from the flowers of the 18 genotypes were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Seventy-seven volatile compounds were detected, which were categorized into six classes: Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ester, aromatic compounds, terpene alcohols, and others. Aliphatic (hydrocarbons, alcohols, and esters) compounds were abundant categories in all rose flowers. The CR-S2 mutant had the highest terpene alcohols and oil content. Three (CR-S1, CR-S3, and CR-S4) mutant genotypes showed higher ester contents than their original cultivar. Nonacosane, 2-methylhexacosane, and 2-methyltricosane were major volatile compounds among all genotypes. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the rose genotypes gave four groups according to grouping among the 77 volatile compounds. In addition, the principal component analysis (PCA) model was successfully applied to distinguish most attractive rose lines. These findings will be useful for the selection of rose genotypes with improved volatile compounds.

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“…Color make flowers attractive and facilitates the reproduction of flowering plants. Besides that, colored flowers can also be used by humans to beautify their environment, in addition to the health benefits of pigments as dietary components, which provide protection against a wide range of human diseases [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. As a critical index to judge the ornamental and/or economic value, understanding the molecular basis of flower color formation would improve the applicable occasions of flowers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of Pigment Metabolic Pathways and Their Contributions to White Tepal Color Formation of Chinese Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis cv Jinzhanyintai

Ren

Yang

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Chinese narcissus (Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis) is one of the ten traditional flowers in China and a famous bulb flower in the world flower market. However, only white color tepals are formed in mature flowers of the cultivated varieties, which constrains their applicable occasions. Unfortunately, for lack of genome information of narcissus species, the explanation of tepal color formation of Chinese narcissus is still not clear. Concerning no genome information, the application of transcriptome profile to dissect biological phenomena in plants was reported to be effective. As known, pigments are metabolites of related metabolic pathways, which dominantly decide flower color. In this study, transcriptome profile and pigment metabolite analysis methods were used in the most widely cultivated Chinese narcissus “Jinzhanyintai” to discover the structure of pigment metabolic pathways and their contributions to white tepal color formation during flower development and pigmentation processes. By using comparative KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, three pathways related to flavonoid, carotenoid and chlorophyll pigment metabolism showed significant variations. The structure of flavonoids metabolic pathway was depicted, but, due to the lack of F3ʹ5ʹH gene; the decreased expression of C4H, CHS and ANS genes; and the high expression of FLS gene, the effect of this pathway to synthesize functional anthocyanins in tepals was weak. Similarly, the expression of DXS, MCT and PSY genes in carotenoids synthesis sub-pathway was decreased, while CCD1/CCD4 genes in carotenoids degradation sub-pathway was increased; therefore, the effect of carotenoids metabolic pathway to synthesize adequate color pigments in tepals is restricted. Interestingly, genes in chlorophyll synthesis sub-pathway displayed uniform down-regulated expression, while genes in heme formation and chlorophyll breakdown sub-pathways displayed up-regulated expression, which also indicates negative regulation of chlorophyll formation. Further, content change trends of various color metabolites detected by HPLC in tepals are consistent with the additive gene expression patterns in each pathway. Therefore, all three pathways exhibit negative control of color pigments synthesis in tepals, finally resulting in the formation of white tepals. Interestingly, the content of chlorophyll was more than 10-fold higher than flavonoids and carotenoids metabolites, which indicates that chlorophyll metabolic pathway may play the major role in deciding tepal color formation of Chinese narcissus.

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Characterization of Active Anthocyanin Degradation in the Petals of Rosa chinensis and Brunfelsia calycina Reveals the Effect of Gallated Catechins on Pigment Maintenance

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

Maintenance of quality and bioactive compounds in pomegranate fruit (Punica granatumL.) by combined application of organic acids and chitosan edible coating

Maintenance of quality and bioactive compounds in pomegranate fruit (Punica granatumL.) by combined application of organic acids and chitosan edible coating

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Gamma-Irradiated Mutants of Rose (Rosa hybrida)

Structure of Pigment Metabolic Pathways and Their Contributions to White Tepal Color Formation of Chinese Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis cv Jinzhanyintai

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