Characterization of abscission zones in the flowers and fruits of peach [<i>Prunus persica</i> (L.) Batsch]

Zanchin, A.; Marcato, Caterina; Trainotti, Livio; Casadoro, Giorgio; Rascio, Nicoletta

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb04305.x

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…This finding is in accordance with the wide range of physiological events which can require the intervention of cellulase activity as, for instance, cell and tissue expansion [13], adventitious root initiation (20), cell wall disruption in flowers reproductive organs [10], fruit ripening [ 14,19], and the abscission of leaves, flowers and fruits [5,17,25,34,36, and others] . Since the above events can be regulated by different hormones, the presence of different genes coding for the same type of enzyme gives the plants a greater ability to pertinently respond to the various internal and external signals stimulating cell separation .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Differential ethylene-inducible expression of cellulase in pepper plants

et al. 1995

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Ethylene promotes the abscission of leaves and the ripening of fruits in pepper plants, and in both events an increase in cellulase activity is observed. However, two enzyme isoforms (pI 7.2 and 8.5, respectively) are differentially involved in the two physiological phenomena. The pI 8.5 form has been purified from ripe fruits. It is a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass of 54 kDa. Two short peptides were sequenced and a very high homology to a tomato cellulase was observed. Polyclonal antibodies, raised against the purified enzyme, have allowed us to demonstrate that the observed ethylene-induced increase in cellulase activity is paralleled by de novo synthesis of protein. Three cDNAs (CX1, CX2 and CX3), encoding different cellulases, were obtained and characterized and their expression investigated. Accumulation of all three mRNAs is induced by ethylene treatment, though to different levels. CX1 is mainly expressed in ripe fruits while CX2 is especially found in abscission zones. CX3 accumulates at very low levels in activated abscission zones. Comparisons with other known cellulases demonstrate clear heterogeneity within the higher plant cellulases. Differences in ethylene inducibility and molecular structure suggest different physiological roles for cellulase in pepper plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Differential ethylene-inducible expression of cellulase in pepper plants

et al. 1995

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“…1; Addicott, 1982;Osborne, 1989;Tripathi et al, 2008). In flower, the AZs are located at the boundary between floral organs and the receptacle (González-Carranza et al, 2002;Lashbrook and Cai, 2008), but also within the flower pedicel (Zanchin et al, 1995;del Campillo and Bennett, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-talk between environmental stresses and plant metabolism during reproductive organ abscission

Sawicki

Barka

Clément

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Botany

128

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In plants, flowering is a crucial process for reproductive success and continuity of the species through time. Fruit production requires the perfect development of reproductive structures. Abscission, a natural process, can occur to facilitate shedding of no longer needed, infected, or damaged organs. If stress occurs during flower development, abscission can intervene at flower level, leading to reduced yield. Flower abscission is a highly regulated developmental process simultaneously influenced and activated in response to exogenous (changing environmental conditions, interactions with microorganisms) and endogenous (physiological modifications) stimuli. During climate change, plant communities will be more susceptible to environmental stresses, leading to increased flower and fruit abscission, and consequently a decrease in fruit yield. Understanding the impacts of stress on the reproductive phase is therefore critical for managing future agricultural productivity. Here, current knowledge on flower/fruit abscission is summarized by focusing specifically on effects of environmental stresses leading to this process in woody plants. Many of these stresses impair hormonal balance and/or carbohydrate metabolism, but the exact mechanisms are far from completely known. Hormones are the abscission effectors and the auxin/ethylene balance is of particular importance. The carbohydrate pathway is the result of complex regulatory processes involving the balance between photosynthesis and mobilization of reserves. Hormones and carbohydrates together participate in complex signal transduction systems, especially in response to stress. The available data are discussed in relation to reproductive organ development and the process of abscission.

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“…This process relies upon a complex regulatory network, activated by the abscising organ, that leads to the activation of the abscission zones (AZs; Addicott, 1982;Zanchin et al, 1995;del Campillo and Bennett, 1996;Taylor and Whitelaw, 2001;González-Carranza et al, 2002Lashbrook and Cai, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Ethylene Production and Ethylene Receptor Expression in Regulating Apple Fruitlet Abscission

et al. 2015

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Apple (Malus 3 domestica) is increasingly being considered an interesting model species for studying early fruit development, during which an extremely relevant phenomenon, fruitlet abscission, may occur as a response to both endogenous and/or exogenous cues. Several studies were carried out shedding light on the main physiological and molecular events leading to the selective release of lateral fruitlets within a corymb, either occurring naturally or as a result of a thinning treatment. Several studies pointed out a clear association between a rise of ethylene biosynthetic levels in the fruitlet and its tendency to abscise. A direct mechanistic link, however, has not yet been established between this gaseous hormone and the generation of the abscission signal within the fruit. In this work, the role of ethylene during the very early stages of abscission induction was investigated in fruitlet populations with different abscission potentials due either to the natural correlative inhibitions determining the so-called physiological fruit drop or to a well-tested thinning treatment performed with the cytokinin benzyladenine. A crucial role was ascribed to the ratio between the ethylene produced by the cortex and the expression of ethylene receptor genes in the seed. This ratio would determine the final probability to abscise. A working model has been proposed consistent with the differential distribution of four receptor transcripts within the seed, which resembles a spatially progressive cell-specific immune-like mechanism evolved by apple to protect the embryo from harmful ethylene.

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Characterization of abscission zones in the flowers and fruits of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Differential ethylene-inducible expression of cellulase in pepper plants

Differential ethylene-inducible expression of cellulase in pepper plants

Cross-talk between environmental stresses and plant metabolism during reproductive organ abscission

Roles of Ethylene Production and Ethylene Receptor Expression in Regulating Apple Fruitlet Abscission

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