Characterization of a sacred statuette replica of “Nossa Senhora da Conceição Aparecida” using X-ray spectrometry techniques

Double-Relief Silver Coins Minted in the Greek Colonies (444–390/340–280/270 BC) of Southern Italy Analysed by XRF

“…Its coinage, therefore, consisted of staters with a high face value and a fineness of around 960. It falls within the historical period of the coinage of Metapontum (except for [7][8].…”

“…In addition, it is a multi-element, sensitive and quantitative technique that can be obtained without the need for certified reference materials or can be derived by comparing the sample spectrum with spectra of sufficiently similar standard samples of known composition. XRF has proven to be the basic analytical technique in cultural heritage studies [5][6][7][8] because it provides key information about the objects under study in a reliable, rapid and non-invasive manner. It is now recognised that XRF spectrometry could have a wider application in studies of metal objects [9][10][11] and ancient coins [12,13]; also, if its results are not sufficient, it can help to carry out a preliminary screening to determine which artefact should be subjected to other more expensive and invasive analyses [14].…”

2020 atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and its special applications

“…The surprising presence of As indicates the possible use of orpiment for the creation of the wall paintings. A multi-analytical approach was adopted 102 for the characterisation of a sacred statuette replica of the Nossa Senhora da Conceicao Aparecida , a Brazilian saint. The portable XRF spectrometry measurements (molybdenum target X-ray tube, 45 kV and 600 μA; SDD; 200 s measurement time) were made at 66 points distributed throughout the piece in the wood structure, in the ground layer and on the pigment layer.…”

Imaging techniques as tool in the characterization of the impact of silica nanofluid in Indiana limestone

“…In order to register the element map, each peak is registered in its corresponding position, and as a final result, the element map is accessed. 19,20 Indiana limestone is composed mainly of calcite and aragonite minerals, which are different crystalline forms of calcium carbonate. Due to its composition of almost pure calcium carbonate (around 97%), it is widely used in the petroleum industry as a standard porous media for laboratory experiments with a huge scope in industrial applications.…”