Characterization of a polysaccharide from Polygala tenuifolia willd. with immune activity via activation MAPKs pathway

Yu, Shasha; Dong, Xiaodan; Ma, Rongjie; Ji, Haiyu; Yu, Juan; Liu, Anjun

doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106214

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Immunological activity studies have confirmed that compared to APS1, APS2 exhibits stronger affinity for TLR4 and better immune activity. Therefore, it is speculated that the immune enhancing activity of Astragalus polysaccharides may be closely related to the AG domain ( Wang et al, 2024 ).The polysaccharides from the Polygala tenuifolia Willd with the repeating unit of [→3)-α-Ara f -(1→ 3)-α-Ara f -(1→5)-α-Ara f -(1→5)-α-Ara f -(1→3)-α-Ara f -(1→] n can activate the effector to release cytokines, the macrophages are activated to produce immune activity ( Yu et al, 2023 ). This finding indicates that the structure of polysaccharides may have an impact on the immune activity of WGPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization and immunostimulant activities of polysaccharides fractionated by gradient ethanol precipitation method from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Xu,

Ren,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a dual-purpose plant for medicine and food, its polysaccharide is considered as an immune enhancer. Four polysaccharides, WGP-20-F, WGP-40-F, WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F were obtained from ginseng via water extraction and gradient ethanol precipitation with different molecular weights (Mw) of 1.720 × 106, 1.434 × 106, 4.225 × 104 and 1.520 × 104 Da, respectively. WGP-20-F and WGP-40-F which with higher Mw and a triple-helix structure are glucans composed of 4-ɑ-Glcp, do not show remarkable immunoregulatory effects. WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F are heteropolysaccharides mainly composed of 4-ɑ-Glcp and also contain t-ɑ-Araf, 5-ɑ-Araf and 3,5-ɑ-Araf. They are spherical branched conformations without a triple-helix structure and can effectively increase the index of immune organs, lymphocyte proliferation, activate macrophages to regulate the immune system in mice and further enhance immune functions by improving delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction and antibody response. These results indicated that WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F could be used as potential immune enhancers, and gradient ethanol precipitation can be applied for the preparation of ginseng bioactive polysaccharide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization and immunostimulant activities of polysaccharides fractionated by gradient ethanol precipitation method from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Xu,

Ren,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…This plant is commonly included in empirical formulations used to treat depression, including KXS. Before Yuanzhi-1, a triterpenoid saponin derived from Polygala tenuifolia Willd ., was recently discovered to be a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor with high efficacy, its mode of action in the treatment of depression had not been thoroughly characterized[ 93 ].…”

Section: Tcm Herbal Antidepressants: the Molecular Mechanism Of Their...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the transformative impact of traditional Chinese medicine on depression: Insights from animal models

Yang,

Chen,

Xie

2024

World J Psychiatry

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Depression, a prevalent and complex mental health condition, presents a significant global health burden. Depression is one of the most frequent mental disorders; deaths from it account for 14.3% of people worldwide. In recent years, the integration of complementary and alternative medicine, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has gained attention as a potential avenue for addressing depression. This comprehensive review critically assesses the efficacy of TCM interventions in alleviating depressive symptoms. An in-depth look at different research studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses is used in this review to look into how TCM practices like herbal formulations, acupuncture, and mind-body practices work. The review looks at the quality of the evidence, the rigor of the methods, and any possible flaws in the current studies. This gives us an idea of where TCM stands right now in terms of treating depression. This comprehensive review aims to assess the efficacy of TCM interventions in alleviating depressive symptoms. In order to learn more about their possible healing effects, the study also looks into how different types of TCM work, such as herbal formulas, acupuncture, and mind-body practices.

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“…Neutral sugar were methylated, hydrolyzed and acetylated, and then measured by GC-MS and compared with the standard mass spectrometry library, and acidic sugar were reduced and manipulated as for neutral sugars [17].…”

Section: Methylation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polysaccharide sample and KBr were placed in a mortar in 1:100 ratio and ground till all particles were removed. Then, the transparent tablet was prepared [17]. The Nicolet iS50+ Contium (Thermo Fisher Company, USA) spectrometer was selected for scanning in the frequency range of 4000500cm -1 , thereby obtaining the Fourier infrared spectra of polysaccharide samples.…”

Section: Fourier Transform-infrared (Ft-ir) Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of Blueberry Fruit Polysaccharides and Assessment of its Hypolipidemic and Immunological Activity

Wang,

Qin,

Cui

et al. 2024

Food Science and Human Wellness

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In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit (BFP) and isolated to three components (BFP-1, BFP-2 and BFP-3). The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, characteristic groups, microscopic morphology, and triple helical conformation of the polysaccharides were characterized using HPGPC, HPLC, GC-MS, FT-IR, SEM and Congo red staining. Moreover, the hypolipidemic and immunological activities of the polysaccharides were also assessed. Results showed that the molecular weights of polysaccharides BFP-1, BFP-2, and BFP-3 were 5.547  10 4 , 5.671  10 4 , and 3.951  10 4 Da, respectively, the main monosaccharides were Glc, Gal and Ara,but BFP-3 was mainly composed of GalA, Glc, Gal, and Ara. The backbone of BFP-1 was →4)-Glcp-(1→, which branches to Ara and Xyl residues, while the backbone of BFP-2 was →5)-Araf-(1→, which branches to Xyl, Glu, Rha and Gal residues, in particularly, BFP-3 has a more complex branching with a →3,6)-Galp-(1→) backbone, The side chain is dominated by Araf-(1→). Blueberry polysaccharides are pyran-type polysaccharides with α-glycosidic bonds, and BFP-1 has a typical triple-helical structure. The activity assay revealed that the binding of BFP-3 to sodium glycylcholate hydrate and sodium taurocholate was 79.95% and 78.5%, respectively, indicating that it had better hypolipidemic activity than the others. Immunoactivity assay showed that BFP promoted NO secretion through activating the NF-κB signalling pathway in RAW264.7 cells, which played a role in enhancing the immune function of the organism. These findings may provide a reference for the development and application of blueberry polysaccharides in functional food and medicine.

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Characterization of a polysaccharide from Polygala tenuifolia willd. with immune activity via activation MAPKs pathway

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Structural characterization and immunostimulant activities of polysaccharides fractionated by gradient ethanol precipitation method from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Structural characterization and immunostimulant activities of polysaccharides fractionated by gradient ethanol precipitation method from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Exploring the transformative impact of traditional Chinese medicine on depression: Insights from animal models

Structural Characterization of Blueberry Fruit Polysaccharides and Assessment of its Hypolipidemic and Immunological Activity

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