Characterization of a novel form of progressive retinal atrophy in Whippet dogs: a clinical, electroretinographic, and breeding study

Abstract

The retinal dystrophy reported here in Whippet dogs has a unique phenotype of an initial lack of ERG b-wave, development of retinal bullae then a progressive generalized retinal degeneration.

Optical coherence tomography and molecular analysis of sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) eyes suggests the immune‐mediated nature of retinal damage

“…Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) is an imaging method that allows high‐speed, high‐resolution cross‐sectional imaging of the retina, and optic nerve (“in vivo histology”). In recent years, it has been adopted for characterization of morphology in healthy and diseased canine retinas . High‐quality images can be obtained by collecting SD‐OCT of retinal cross‐sections using the infrared beam produced by a superluminescent diode.…”

“…In recent years, it has been adopted for characterization of morphology in healthy and diseased canine retinas. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] High-quality images can be obtained by collecting SD-OCT of retinal cross-sections using the infrared beam produced by a superluminescent diode. This imaging technique allows for detailed morphological mapping and structural evaluation of different retina layers and optic nerve structures in dogs.…”

Presumed Photoreceptor Dysplasias in Peregrine Falcons (Falco Peregrinus) and Peregrine Falcon Hybrids

“…Negative ERGs reflect inner retinal dysfunction and, in humans, can be found in conditions such as congenital stationary night blindness, juvenile retinoschisis, fundus albipunctatus, Oguchi disease, diabetic retinopathy, rod-cone dysplasia, and some forms of retinal vascular disease (Nobel et al 1990;Audo et al 2007). Negative ERGs have also been shown to be associated with some forms of progressive retinal atrophy in dogs (Kondo et al 2015;Somma et al 2016). Electroretinograms dominated by the a-wave have also been described in early retinal degeneration in Norwegian elkhounds (Acland and Aguirre 1987).…”

Large Animal Models of Inherited Retinal Degenerations: A Review

“…The affected dogs lack an ERG b-wave and also lack cone OFF-bipolar cell attributable ERG components [154]. Interestingly, the dog model develops a progressive retinal degeneration, which is not reported as a feature of the condition in humans [155].…”