Characterization of a novel adenovirus isolated from a skunk

Kozak, Robert; Ackford, James G.; Slaine, Patrick D; Li, Aimin; Carman, Susy; Campbell, Doug; Welch, Margret; Kropinski, Andrew M.; Nagy, Éva

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2015.06.026

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Since these 22 nucleotides are in a non-coding region of the viral genome, it is reasonable to suggest that they do not have biological effects, but the presence of a putative polyA motif could have a role in transcription of messenger RNA. Furthermore, the presence of a long non-coding region and of a putative polyA motif in some of the detected CAdV-1 and in reference SkAdV-1 and BtAdV-2, can give evidence of a high phylogenetic correlation between these viruses, as previously suggested by Kozak et al (2015). Further studies investigating the presence of a putative common ancestor of these viruses and the biological effects of a longer non-coding region are warranted.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Unique genetic features of canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) infecting red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Norway and arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in Svalbard

et al. 2019

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Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) is the aetiological agent of infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris). In spite of the widespread use of vaccination, CAdV-1 continues to circulate in the dog population. Although a high number of serological screenings have indicated that CAdV-1 is widespread in fox species, little is known about the potential role of foxes as reservoirs of CAdV-1. Furthermore, very little data exist on the molecular features of this virus in foxes. To add to existing knowledge on CAdV-1 circulating in wild carnivores, tissue samples from CAdV-seropositive red foxes (Vulpes vulpes, n = 10) from the northern mainland of Norway and arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus, n = 10) from the Svalbard archipelago, Norway, were investigated using a molecular approach to detect CAdV-1 DNA and important structural and non-structural genes of the detected viruses were sequenced and analysed. Amplicons characteristic for CAdV-1 were amplified from 14 out of 20 foxes (7 red foxes and 7 arctic foxes) and spleen and lymph node tissues resulted optimal targets for the viral DNA detection. The nucleotide sequences showed unique features that distinguished the viruses detected in this study from the CAdV-1 to date identified in wild carnivores and dogs. Greater attention should be given to genetically different CAdV-1 circulating in wild carnivores that may be transferred to dogs, potentially causing disease and reducing the effectiveness of available vaccines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Unique genetic features of canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) infecting red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Norway and arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in Svalbard

et al. 2019

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“…As previously noted for BtAdV B (23), BtAdV 250-A contains two genes in its E3 region, 12.5K and ORF A, with the latter unique to BtAdV A and B, CAdVs, skunk adenovirus (SkAdV), and equine mastadenovirus A (EAdV A) (23,37,38). In contrast, newly identified BtAdVs from China contain three E3 region genes: 12.5K, E3ls, and E3l, the latter being the largest adenovirus protein reported to date (32).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The penton data set contained sequences of all species of the genus Mastadenovirus approved by the ICTV (note that full penton sequences are not currently available for Ovine mastadenovirus B or Porcine mastadenovirus B) (1). Eight additional proposed mastadenoviruses-BtAdV 250-A, TMAdV ECC-2011, a skunk adenovirus (SkAdV-1, isolate PB1) (37), and five new BtAdVs (isolates WIV9 to WIV13) recovered from Rhinolophus sinicus and Miniopterus schreibersii in China (32)-were also included in the analysis. Bovine atadenovirus D (BAdV-4) was used as an outgroup to root the penton tree.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Cryo-electron Microscopy Capsid Structure of a North American Bat Adenovirus and Its Relationship to Other Mastadenoviruses

Hackenbrack

Rogers

Ashley

et al. 2017

J Virol

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Since the first description of adenoviruses in bats in 2006, a number of micro-and megabat species in Europe, Africa, and Asia have been shown to carry a wide diversity of adenoviruses. Here, we report on the evolutionary, biological, and structural characterization of a novel bat adenovirus (BtAdV) recovered from a Rafinesque's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) in Kentucky, USA, which is the first adenovirus isolated from North American bats. This virus (BtAdV 250-A) exhibits a close phylogenetic relationship with Canine mastadenovirus A (CAdV A), as previously observed with other BtAdVs. To further investigate the relationships between BtAdVs and CAdVs, we conducted mass spectrometric analysis and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy reconstructions of the BtAdV 250-A capsid and also analyzed the in vitro host ranges of both viruses. Our results demonstrate that BtAdV 250-A represents a new mastadenovirus species that, in contrast to CAdV, has a unique capsid morphology that contains more prominent extensions of protein IX and can replicate efficiently in a phylogenetically diverse range of species. These findings, in addition to the recognition that both the genetic diversity of BtAdVs and the number of different bat species from disparate geographic regions infected with BtAdVs appears to be extensive, tentatively suggest that bats may have served as a potential reservoir for the cross-species transfer of adenoviruses to other hosts, as theorized for CAdV.IMPORTANCE Although many adenoviruses are host specific and likely codiverged with their hosts over millions of years, other adenoviruses appear to have emerged through successful cross-species transmission events on more recent time scales. The wide geographic distribution and genetic diversity of adenoviruses in bats and their close phylogenetic relationship to Canine mastadenovirus A (CAdV A) has raised important questions about how CAdV A, and possibly other mammalian adenoviruses, may have emerged. Although most adenoviruses tend to cause limited disease in their natural hosts, CAdV A is unusual in that it may cause high morbidity and sometimes fatal infections in immunocompetent hosts and is thus an important pathogen of carnivores. Here, we performed a comparative evolutionary and structural study of representative bat and canine adenoviruses to better understand the relationship between these two viral groups.

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“…In the past decade, however, several such novel AdVs were recognized, some of which seemed also to have their origin in BtAdV. Among these is skunk AdV‐1 found in striped skunk in Canada and sequenced entirely . Interestingly, the isolation and partial genetic characterization of an almost identical virus was reported from a captive pygmy marmoset (a New World monkey) that had died in a Hungarian zoo.…”

Section: Advs In Mammals (Mastadenovirus Atadenovirus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenoviruses across the animal kingdom: a walk in the zoo

2019

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Adenoviruses (AdVs) infect representatives of numerous species from almost every major vertebrate class, albeit their incidence shows great variability. AdVs infecting birds, reptiles, and bats are the most common and diverse, whereas only one AdV has been so far isolated both from fish and amphibians. The family Adenoviridae is divided into five genera, each corresponding to an independent evolutionary lineage that supposedly coevolved with its respective vertebrate hosts. Members of genera Mastadenovirus and Aviadenovirus seem to infect exclusively mammals and birds, respectively. The genus Ichtadenovirus includes the single known AdV from fish. The majority of AdVs in the genus Atadenovirus originated from squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes), but also certain mammalian and avian AdVs are classified within this genus. The genus Siadenovirus contains the only AdV isolated from frog, along with numerous avian AdVs. In turtles, members of a sixth AdV lineage have been discovered, pending official recognition as an independent genus. The most likely scenario for AdV evolution includes long‐term cospeciation with the hosts, as well as occasional switches between closely or, rarely, more distantly related hosts.

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Characterization of a novel adenovirus isolated from a skunk

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Unique genetic features of canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) infecting red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Norway and arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in Svalbard

Unique genetic features of canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) infecting red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Norway and arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in Svalbard

Evolution and Cryo-electron Microscopy Capsid Structure of a North American Bat Adenovirus and Its Relationship to Other Mastadenoviruses

Adenoviruses across the animal kingdom: a walk in the zoo

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