Characterization of a Nodule-Enhanced Glutamine Synthetase from Alfalfa: Nucleotide Sequence, In Situ Localization, and Transcript Analysis

NADH-Glutamate Synthase in Alfalfa Root Nodules. Genetic Regulation and Cellular Expression1

“…Toward the proximal end of zone III (the N 2 -fixing zone), NADH-GOGAT expression declines as infected cells become older. Similar results have been reported for leghemoglobin (de Billy et al, 1991), GS (Temple et al, 1995), and PEP carboxylase (Pathirana et al, 1997). The interzone seems to be an area where several developmental changes occur.…”

Novel Expression Pattern of Cytosolic Gln Synthetase in Nitrogen-Fixing Root Nodules of the Actinorhizal Host, Datisca glomerata

“…This partitioning of plant GS in the uninfected cortical tissue, at a distance from the locus of nitrogen fixation, contrasts markedly with the high levels of GS expression observed at sites of assimilation of recently fixed N, located in the central infected zone in legume nodules (Miao et al, 1991;Temple et al, 1995;Carvalho et al, 2000) or in infected nodule cortical cells of the actinorhizal plant, A. glutinosa (Guan et al, Figure 2. Single most parsimonious tree obtained by phylogenetic analysis of cytosolic GS sequences (consistency index [excluding autapomorphies] 5 .2604; retention index 5 .5717; rescaled consistency index 5 .1591).…”

“…A. glutinosa, cyt (nodule), Y08681, Guan et al, 1996;Arabidopsis cp, S69727, Peterman and Goodman, 1991; Arabidopsis 1 cyt (genomic sequence derived mRNA) NM 105291; Arabidopsis 2 cyt (genomic sequence derived mRNA) BT000753; Arabidopsis 3 cyt (genomic sequence derived mRNA) BT006245; Arabidopsis 4 cyt (genomic sequence derived mRNA) AY128749; Brassica napus-1, cyt (root), X76736, Schock et al, 1994; B. napus-2, cyt (root), Y12459, Ochs et al, 1999;B. napus-3, cyt (root) Temple et al, 1995;Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, cp, M19055, Tingey and Coruzzi, 1987;Nicotiana sylvestris, cp, X66940, Becker et al, 1992; Nicotiana tabacum-1, cyt (seedling), X95932, Dubois et al, 1996; N. tabacum-2, cyt (seedling), X95933, Dubois et al, 1996; Oryza sativa, cyt (shoot), X14245, Sakamoto et al, 1989; O. sativa, cyt (derived from genomic sequence), AB037595, Kojima et al, 2000;O. sativa, cp, X14246, Sakamoto et al, 1989; Pinus sylvestris, cyt (seedling), X74429, Elmlinger et al, 1994; Pisum sativum-1, cyt (nodule), X05515, ; P. sativum-2, cyt (nodule), X04763, ; P. sativum 3 cyt (nodule) M20663, Tingey et al, 1988; P. sativum cp, M20664, Tingey et al, 1988; Phaseolus vulgaris-1, cyt (root), X04001, Gebhardt et al, 1986; P. vulgaris-2, cyt (root), X04002, Gebhardt et al, 1986;P.…”

Biochemical and molecular characterization of transgenic Lotus japonicus plants constitutively over-expressing a cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene

“…Plasmid pMsGS100, which contains a constitutively expressed class of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) GS 1 cDNA (Temple et al 1995; Ms glnβ in this work), was kindly provided by Dr. H. M. Goodman (Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA).…”

“…It has been proposed that GS 2 plays an important role in the assimilation of ammonia from nitrate reduction, and it has also been demonstrated that GS 2 is indispensable for re-assimilation of photorespiratory ammonia (Blackwell et al 1987;Wallsgrove et al 1987;Kozaki and Takeba 1996). GS 1 is encoded by a small multigene family, and the different GS 1 isoforms are differentially regulated in a tissue-and developmental stage-specific manner (Bennett et al 1989;Peterman and Goodman 1991;Temple et al 1995;Dubois et al 1996;Morey et al 2002). GS 1 plays a major role in the assimilation of ammonia derived from N 2 fixation in the nodules and also has an important role in the remobilization of nitrogen during senescence, bacterial infection, herbicide treatment and water stress (Bauer et al 1997;Pérez-García et al 1998;Brugiere et al 2000;Masclaux et al 2000).…”