Characterization of a new avian-like influenza A virus from horses in China

Antigenic and genetic evolution of equine H3N8 influenza A viruses

“…This study included sequencing and antigenic analysis of virus isolates from Europe, the USA, South America, Africa and Hong Kong. Equine influenza virus also circulates in mainland China where large epizootics have been reported (Guo et al, 1991(Guo et al, , 1992, but isolates were not available for the present study. Australia and New Zealand also have large horse populations but have so far been free from the disease.…”

The Ferret: An Animal Model to Study Influenza Virus

“…The ferret is a natural host of both the A and B type human influenza virus, but many of the studies done with ferrets have focused on the strains of the type A influenza virus [25][26][27][28][29] .…”

Isolation, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin, neuraminidase and nucleoprotein genes of the Chilean equine influenza virus subtypes H7N7 and H3N8

“…The nucleoprotein from the isolate Pr56, which is the most primitive and closest to the avian virus ancestor [7], shows the fewest similarities. Isolate Ji89, although more recent, has been classified as similar to the avian [8]. The remaining isolates show a high degree of homology.…”