Characterization of a Neurospora crassa Photolyase-Deficient Mutant Generated by Repeat Induced Point Mutation of the phr Gene

Shimura, Mari; Ito, Yoichiro; Ishii, Chizu; Yajima, H.; Linden, Hartmut; Harashima, Toshiaki; Yasui, Akira; Inoue, Hirokazu

doi:10.1006/fgbi.1999.1158

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The ability to remove the 6-4PPs may be more important for tolerance to UV in N. crassa, because it is known that 6-4PPs are more toxic than CPDs in NER-deficient human cells (Nakajima et al, 2004). Moreover N. crassa has a CPD specific photolyase which functions under the light condition, suggesting that N. crassa also possesses the excess activity for the repair of CPDs (Shimura et al, 1999). In addition to repair of UV damage, the NER pathway appears to be necessary for the repair of the chemical adducts since the mus-43 and mus-44 mutants are both sensitive to 4NQO (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

et al. 2008

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Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systemsMasahito Sato, Takaharu Niki, Takeru Tokou, Kouhei Suzuki, Makoto Fujimura and Akihiko Ichiishi * Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan (Received 30 October 2007, accepted 19 November 2007 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad14 and Rad10 proteins are essential for nucleotide excision repair (NER). Rad14 is a UV-damaged DNA binding protein and Rad10 is a structure-specific endonuclease that functions in a complex with Rad1. In this study, we identified and characterized the RAD14 and RAD10 homolog genes in Neurospora crassa, which we named mus-43 and mus-44, respectively. Disruption of mus-43 and mus-44 conferred sensitivity to UV and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, but not to methyl methanesulfonate, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, camptothecin, hydroxyurea, or bleomycin. The mus-44 mutant was more sensitive to UV than the mus-43 mutant. Genetic analysis indicated that mus-43 and mus-44 are epistatic to mus-38 which is a homolog of the S. cerevisiae RAD1, but not to mus-18 which belongs to a second excision repair pathway. Immunological assays demonstrated that both mus-43 and mus-44 retained the ability to excise UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts, but that excision ability was completely abolished in the mus-43 mus-18 and mus-44 mus-18 double mutants. These double mutants exhibited extremely high sensitivity to UV. In mus-43 and mus-44 mutants, the UV-induced mutation frequency increased compared to that of the wild-type. The mus-44 mutants also exhibited a partial photoreactivation defect phenotype similar to mus-38. These results suggest that both mus-43 and mus-44 function in the mus-38 NER pathway, but not in the mus-18 excision repair pathway. Faculty of Life

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

et al. 2008

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“…The Neurospora phr gene encodes a photolyase specific for the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD 867). Unlike Drosophila, Xenopus, and zebrafish, Neurospora does not have a photolyase that repairs a TC(6-4) photoproduct (730).…”

Section: Dna Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16; Table 49). DNA photolyase (see "Genome defense, DNA repair, and recombination" above), previously characterized as a photoresponsive molecule, plays no role in light responses beyond DNA repair (730). Known elements in light sensing include the circadian blue-light photoreceptor WC-1 (42,256,323), WC-2 (478), and VVD (328,698); however, no homologues of plant photoresponse proteins such as phytochromes or cryptochromes have ever been identified, despite intense genetic screening.…”

Section: Photobiology and Circadian Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from the Genome Sequence ofNeurospora crassa: Tracing the Path from Genomic Blueprint to Multicellular Organism

Borkovich

Alex

Yarden

et al. 2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

595

618

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We present an analysis of over 1,100 of the ∼10,000 predicted proteins encoded by the genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. Seven major areas of Neurospora genomics and biology are covered. First, the basic features of the genome, including the automated assembly, gene calls, and global gene analyses are summarized. The second section covers components of the centromere and kinetochore complexes, chromatin assembly and modification, and transcription and translation initiation factors. The third area discusses genome defense mechanisms, including repeat induced point mutation, quelling and meiotic silencing, and DNA repair and recombination. In the fourth section, topics relevant to metabolism and transport include extracellular digestion; membrane transporters; aspects of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism; the mitochondrion and energy metabolism; the proteasome; and protein glycosylation, secretion, and endocytosis. Environmental sensing is the focus of the fifth section with a treatment of two-component systems; GTP-binding proteins; mitogen-activated protein, p21-activated, and germinal center kinases; calcium signaling; protein phosphatases; photobiology; circadian rhythms; and heat shock and stress responses. The sixth area of analysis is growth and development; it encompasses cell wall synthesis, proteins important for hyphal polarity, cytoskeletal components, the cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase machinery, macroconidiation, meiosis, and the sexual cycle. The seventh section covers topics relevant to animal and plant pathogenesis and human disease. The results demonstrate that a large proportion of Neurospora genes do not have homologues in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The group of unshared genes includes potential new targets for antifungals as well as loci implicated in human and plant physiology and disease

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“…In addition, N. crassa has two members of the CPF: a photolyase, PHR, that is required for light-dependent DNA repair (24), and a cry-DASH, CRY, that is capable of binding single-stranded and double-stranded DNA or RNA, but does not provide photorepair activity in vivo (25). A role for CRY in sensory perception has been proposed based on the alteration of light-dependent transcription for some genes in the cry mutant (26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal cryptochrome with DNA repair activity reveals an early stage in cryptochrome evolution

Tagua

Pausch

Eckel

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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DASH (Drosophila, Arabidopsis, Synechocystis, Human)-type cryp- tochromes (cry-DASH) belong to a family of flavoproteins acting as repair enzymes for UV-B–induced DNA lesions (photolyases) or as UV-A/blue light photoreceptors (cryptochromes). They are present in plants, bacteria, various vertebrates, and fungi and were originally considered as sensory photoreceptors because of their incapability to repair cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) lesions in duplex DNA. However, cry-DASH can repair CPDs in single-stranded DNA, but their role in DNA repair in vivo remains to be clarified. The genome of the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus contains a single gene for a protein of the cryptochrome/photolyase family (CPF) encoding a cry-DASH, cryA, despite its ability to photoreactivate. Here, we show that cryA expression is induced by blue light in a Mad complex-dependent man- ner. Moreover, we demonstrate that CryA is capable of binding flavin (FAD) and methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF), fully complements the Escherichia coli photolyase mutant and repairs in vitro CPD lesions in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA with the same efficiency. These results support a role for Phycomyces cry-DASH as a photolyase and suggest a similar role for cry-DASH in mucoromycotina fung

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Characterization of a Neurospora crassa Photolyase-Deficient Mutant Generated by Repeat Induced Point Mutation of the phr Gene

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

Lessons from the Genome Sequence ofNeurospora crassa: Tracing the Path from Genomic Blueprint to Multicellular Organism

Fungal cryptochrome with DNA repair activity reveals an early stage in cryptochrome evolution

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