Characterization of a <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> fruiting body‐specific hydrophobin gene, <i>Po.hyd</i>

Ma, Aimin; Shan, Linjun; Wang, Nianjiu; Zheng, Liesheng; Chen, Liguo; Xie, Bijun

doi:10.1002/jobm.200710317

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…The expression of the hydrophobin 2 gene ( coh2 , CC1G_02185) was not detected in either developmental stage. These observations are consistent with previous findings in the mushrooms Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus which employ two different sets of hydrophobin genes during fruiting body development [34,35]. These hydrophobins are thought to play alternative structural roles in the respective stages.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

5'-Serial Analysis of Gene Expression studies reveal a transcriptomic switch during fruiting body development in Coprinopsis cinerea

Cheng

Wilke

et al. 2013

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundThe transition from the vegetative mycelium to the primordium during fruiting body development is the most complex and critical developmental event in the life cycle of many basidiomycete fungi. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this process has long been a goal of research on basidiomycetes. Large scale assessment of the expressed transcriptomes of these developmental stages will facilitate the generation of a more comprehensive picture of the mushroom fruiting process. In this study, we coupled 5'-Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (5'-SAGE) to high-throughput pyrosequencing from 454 Life Sciences to analyze the transcriptomes and identify up-regulated genes among vegetative mycelium (Myc) and stage 1 primordium (S1-Pri) of Coprinopsis cinerea during fruiting body development.ResultsWe evaluated the expression of >3,000 genes in the two respective growth stages and discovered that almost one-third of these genes were preferentially expressed in either stage. This identified a significant turnover of the transcriptome during the course of fruiting body development. Additionally, we annotated more than 79,000 transcription start sites (TSSs) based on the transcriptomes of the mycelium and stage 1 primoridum stages. Patterns of enrichment based on gene annotations from the GO and KEGG databases indicated that various structural and functional protein families were uniquely employed in either stage and that during primordial growth, cellular metabolism is highly up-regulated. Various signaling pathways such as the cAMP-PKA, MAPK and TOR pathways were also identified as up-regulated, consistent with the model that sensing of nutrient levels and the environment are important in this developmental transition. More than 100 up-regulated genes were also found to be unique to mushroom forming basidiomycetes, highlighting the novelty of fruiting body development in the fungal kingdom.ConclusionsWe implicated a wealth of new candidate genes important to early stages of mushroom fruiting development, though their precise molecular functions and biological roles are not yet fully known. This study serves to advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of fruiting body development in the model mushroom C. cinerea.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

5'-Serial Analysis of Gene Expression studies reveal a transcriptomic switch during fruiting body development in Coprinopsis cinerea

Cheng

Wilke

et al. 2013

BMC Genomics

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“…They can be arranged into distinct groups based on expression patterns. Previous studies reported a near complete turnover of hydrophobin genes from vegetative mycelium to fruiting body, indicating that two distinct sets of hydrophobins exist(Ma et al 2007; WW et al 2008; Cheng et al 2013a). We also observed that mycelium-expressed and fruiting body-expressed hydrophobins form distinct groups.…”

Section: Results: Developmentally Expressed Gene Classes In the Agari...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Lessons on fruiting body morphogenesis from genomes and transcriptomes of Agaricomycetes

Nagy

Vonk

Künzler

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Fruiting bodies of mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes) are among the most complex structures produced by fungi. Unlike vegetative hyphae, fruiting bodies grow determinately and follow a genetically encoded developmental program that orchestrates tissue differentiation, growth and sexual sporulation. In spite of more than a century of research, our understanding of the molecular details of fruiting body morphogenesis is limited and a general synthesis on the genetics of this complex process is lacking. In this paper, we aim to comprehensively identify conserved genes related to fruiting body morphogenesis and distill novel functional hypotheses for functionally poorly characterized genes. As a result of this analysis, we report 921 conserved developmentally expressed gene families, only a few dozens of which have previously been reported in fruiting body development. Based on literature data, conserved expression patterns and functional annotations, we provide informed hypotheses on the potential role of these gene families in fruiting body development, yielding the most complete description of molecular processes in fruiting body morphogenesis to date. We discuss genes related to the initiation of fruiting, differentiation, growth, cell surface and cell wall, defense, transcriptional regulation as well as signal transduction. Based on these data we derive a general model of fruiting body development, which includes an early, proliferative phase that is mostly concerned with laying out the mushroom body plan (via cell division and differentiation), and a second phase of growth via cell expansion as well as meiotic events and sporulation. Altogether, our discussions cover 1480 genes of Coprinopsis cinerea, and their orthologs in Agaricus bisporus, Cyclocybe aegerita, Armillaria ostoyae, Auriculariopsis ampla, Laccaria bicolor, Lentinula edodes, Lentinus tigrinus, Mycena kentingensis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Schizophyllum commune, providing functional hypotheses for ~10% of genes in the genomes of these species. Although experimental evidence for the role of these genes will need to be established in the future, our data provide a roadmap for guiding functional analyses of fruiting related genes in the Agaricomycetes. We anticipate that the gene compendium presented here, combined with developments in functional genomics approaches will contribute to uncovering the genetic bases of one of the most spectacular multicellular developmental processes in fungi. Key words: functional annotation; comparative genomics; cell wall remodeling; development; fruiting body morphogenesis; mushroom; transcriptome

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“…Fungal pheromone is responsible for initiating septal dissolution and clamp-cell fusion during the transition from monokaryotic to dikaryotic state, whereas hydrophobin regulates morphogenesis in fungi, particularly in fruiting body development of basidiomycetes [ 26 , 80 , 81 ]. It has also been reported that different sets of hydrophobins are employed by mushroom forming basidiomycetes in different developmental stages [ 81 , 82 ]. By contrast, most of the putative targets of cci-milR-13e-5p were related to macromolecule metabolism and protein binding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of microRNA-like RNAs during early fruiting body development in the model mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea

Lau

Cheng

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Coprinopsis cinerea is a model mushroom particularly suited for the study of fungal fruiting body development and the evolution of multicellularity in fungi. While microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied in animals and plants for their essential roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, miRNAs in fungi are less well characterized and their potential roles in controlling mushroom development remain unknown. To identify miRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) in C. cinerea and explore their expression patterns during the early developmental transition of mushroom development, small RNA libraries of vegetative mycelium and primordium were generated and putative milRNA candidates were identified following the standards of miRNA prediction in animals and plants. Two out of 22 novel predicted milRNAs, cci-milR-12c and cci-milR-13e-5p, were validated by northern blot and stem-loop reverse transcription real-time PCR. Cci-milR-12c was differentially expressed whereas the expression levels of cci-milR-13e-5p were similar in the two developmental stages. Target prediction of the validated milRNAs resulted in genes associated with fruiting body development, including pheromone, hydrophobin, cytochrome P450, and protein kinase. Essential genes for miRNA biogenesis, including three coding for Dicer-like (DCL), one for Argonaute (AGO), one for AGO-like and one for quelling deficient-2 (QDE-2) proteins, were also identified in the C. cinerea genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the DCL and AGO proteins of C. cinerea were more closely related to those in other basidiomycetes and ascomycetes than to those in animals and plants. Taken together, our findings provided the first evidence for milRNAs in the model mushroom and their potential roles in regulating fruiting body development. New information on the evolutionary relationship of milRNA biogenesis proteins across kingdoms has also provided new insights for guiding further functional and evolutionary studies of miRNAs.

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Characterization of a Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting body‐specific hydrophobin gene, Po.hyd

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

5'-Serial Analysis of Gene Expression studies reveal a transcriptomic switch during fruiting body development in Coprinopsis cinerea

5'-Serial Analysis of Gene Expression studies reveal a transcriptomic switch during fruiting body development in Coprinopsis cinerea

Lessons on fruiting body morphogenesis from genomes and transcriptomes of Agaricomycetes

Discovery of microRNA-like RNAs during early fruiting body development in the model mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea

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