Characterization of a biomaterial with cartilage-like properties expressing type X collagen generated in vitro using neonatal porcine articular and growth plate chondrocytes

Abstract

These studies demonstrate the production in vitro of cartilage-like tissue with similar morphological, histochemical and biochemical characteristics to those of natural growth plate cartilage. The cartilage generated in vitro has the potential to be used in reconstructive surgery and in joint resurfacing and restoration of skeletal defects.

Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Stem Cells Maintain Their Chondrogenic Capacity in Disease and Can be Used to Engineer Cartilaginous Grafts of Clinically Relevant Dimensions

“…The scaffold-free approach has previously been used to generate cartilaginous grafts using chondrocytes, BM-and synovial membrane-derived MSCs. 39,40,43,46,62 Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that such scaffold-free transwell cultures provide conditions FIG. 3.…”

“…39 Furthermore, this method has been used to engineer cartilaginous grafts from multiple different cell sources [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and to engineer tissues of scale with healthy chondrocytes. 46,47 It is therefore also hypothesized that diseased FPSCs can be used to engineer cartilaginous grafts of clinically relevant dimensions ( > 2 cm) for the osteoarthritic patient population using such a scaffold-free or self-assembly approach.…”

Assessment of the Suitability of Chitosan/PolyButylene Succinate Scaffolds Seeded with Mouse Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells for a Cartilage Tissue Engineering Approach

“…The band obtained correlates with data presented in the literature for collagen type II protein. 36,37 Given the mesenchymal progenitor origin of BMC9 cells, which have not been shown to normally express collagen type II, this result leads us to believe that the cells were actually being directed toward the chondrogenic lineage. As a preliminary screening, such suggestions are indeed important for the future application of these systems in cartilage regeneration approaches.…”

“…The band obtained correlates with data presented in the literature for collagen type II protein. 36,37 …”

A Comparison of Self-Assembly and Hydrogel Encapsulation as a Means to Engineer Functional Cartilaginous Grafts Using Culture Expanded Chondrocytes

“…18,19 This has motivated research into scaffold-free techniques as a potential method for generating functional cartilage tissue. One of the first reported uses of a scaffold-free or selfassembly (SA) (or self-aggregating) approach for engineering cartilage-like tissue involved directly seeding chondrocytes onto plastic dishes precoated with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), [20][21][22][23][24] which leads to the development of a graft with a hyaline cartilage phenotype in terms of the expression of collagen type II and aggrecan. 22 Alternative SA approaches involve aliquoting chondrocytes into an agarose mold or similar, and allowing these cells to self-assemble over time.…”