Characterization of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and regulators involved in estrogen degradation in Pseudomonas putida SJTE-1

Wang, Pingping; Zheng, Daning; Peng, Wen; Wang, Yanqiu; Wang, Xiuli; Xiong, Weiliang; Liang, Rubing

doi:10.1007/s00253-018-9543-y

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, this gene does not cluster with other steroid-degrading genes in the genome of Sphingomonas KC8. An ortholog of this gene has been characterised in P. putida SJTE-1, a strain isolated from sludge, which can use 17β-estradiol as a sole carbon source [200,201].…”

Section: The 45-seco Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroids as Environmental Compounds Recalcitrant to Degradation: Genetic Mechanisms of Bacterial Biodegradation Pathways

Olivera

Luengo

2019

Genes

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Steroids are perhydro-1,2-cyclopentanophenanthrene derivatives that are almost exclusively synthesised by eukaryotic organisms. Since the start of the Anthropocene, the presence of these molecules, as well as related synthetic compounds (ethinylestradiol, dexamethasone, and others), has increased in different habitats due to farm and municipal effluents and discharge from the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, the highly hydrophobic nature of these molecules, as well as the absence of functional groups, makes them highly resistant to biodegradation. However, some environmental bacteria are able to modify or mineralise these compounds. Although steroid-metabolising bacteria have been isolated since the beginning of the 20th century, the genetics and catabolic pathways used have only been characterised in model organisms in the last few decades. Here, the metabolic alternatives used by different bacteria to metabolise steroids (e.g., cholesterol, bile acids, testosterone, and other steroid hormones), as well as the organisation and conservation of the genes involved, are reviewed.

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Section: The 45-seco Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroids as Environmental Compounds Recalcitrant to Degradation: Genetic Mechanisms of Bacterial Biodegradation Pathways

Olivera

Luengo

2019

Genes

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“…Other works have identified in C. testosteroni a TetR-like regulator, controlling the expression of 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [ 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Regarding the regulation of the 4,5- seco pathway of steroid degradation, there is only one previous study identifying CrgA and OxyR acting as an activator and a repressor, respectively, of the expression of a 17β-HSDs capable of transforming E2 into E1 in P. putida SJTE-1 [ 19 ]. HSDs are widely distributed in steroid-degrading bacteria and often present a wide range of substrates, catalyzing reactions in a nonspecific manner [ 22 , 64 ], and the regulation of other HSDs involved in testosterone degradation has been extensively studied [ 56 , 57 , 59 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete mineralization of estrogens to CO 2 can be accomplished aerobically [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ] or anaerobically [ 15 ] by a limited number of bacteria, mainly from the phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Different biochemical and genetic studies have assigned function to many catabolic genes involved in estrogen catabolism, but numerous issues concerning the degradative pathway and its regulation remain to be fully elucidated [ 10 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the EdcR Estrogen-Dependent Repressor in Caenibius tardaugens NBRC 16725: Construction of a Cellular Estradiol Biosensor

Ibero

Galán

Garcı́a

2021

Genes

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In this work, Caenibius tardaugens NBRC 16725 (strain ARI-1) (formerly Novosphingobium tardaugens) was isolated due to its capacity to mineralize estrogenic endocrine disruptors. Its genome encodes the edc genes cluster responsible for the degradation of 17β-estradiol, consisting of two putative operons (OpA and OpB) encoding the enzymes of the upper degradation pathway. Inside the edc cluster, we identified the edcR gene encoding a TetR-like protein. Genetic studies carried out with C. tardaugens mutants demonstrated that EdcR represses the promoters that control the expression of the two operons. These genetic analyses have also shown that 17β-estradiol and estrone, the second intermediate of the degradation pathway, are the true effectors of EdcR. This regulatory system has been heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, foreseeing its use to detect estrogens in environmental samples. Genome comparisons have identified a similar regulatory system in the edc cluster of Altererythrobacter estronivorus MHB5, suggesting that this regulatory arrangement has been horizontally transferred to other bacteria.

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“…There are some 17-HSDs that transform E2 to E1, homologous to the 17-HSD encoded by EGO55_02230 in N. tardaugens, i.e., OecA from Sphingomonas sp. KC8 encoded by KC8_09390 (20.09%) and the enzymes from Pseudomonas putida SJTE-1, 3-oxoacyl-ACP reductase, encoded by A210_09220 (34.06%) (Wang et al, 2018), and 17β-HSD, encoded by A210_19955 (37.90%) (Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete mineralization of estrogens to CO 2 can be accomplished by a limited number of bacteria, mainly from the phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria (Fujii et al, 2002;Fahrbach et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2007Yu et al, , 2016Kurisu et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020). Although some biotransformation steps have been described in estrogen-degrading strains, the complete degradation pathway still remains unknown (Yu et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014Wang et al, , 2018Wang et al, , 2019Chen et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the 17β-Estradiol Degradation Pathway in Novosphingobium tardaugens NBRC 16725

et al. 2020

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We have analyzed the catabolism of estrogens in Novosphingobium tardaugens NBRC 16725, which is able to use endocrine disruptors such as 17β-estradiol, estrone, and estriol as sole carbon and energy sources. A transcriptomic analysis enabled the identification of a cluster of catabolic genes (edc cluster) organized in two divergent operons that are involved in estrogen degradation. We have developed genetic tools for this estrogen-degrading bacterium, allowing us to delete by site-directed mutagenesis some of the genes of the edc cluster and complement them by using expression plasmids to better characterize their precise role in the estrogen catabolism. Based on these results, a catabolic pathway is proposed. The first enzyme of the pathway (17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) used to transform 17β-estradiol into estrone is encoded out of the cluster. A CYP450 encoded by the edcA gene performs the second metabolic step, i.e., the 4-hydroxylation of estrone in this strain. The edcB gene encodes a 4-hydroxyestrone-4,5-dioxygenase that opens ring A after 4-hydroxylation. The initial steps of the catabolism of estrogens and cholate proceed through different pathways. However, the degradation of estrogens converges with the degradation of testosterone in the final steps of the lower catabolic pathway used to degrade the common intermediate 3aα-H-4α(3′-propanoate)7a-β-methylhexahydro-1,5-indanedione (HIP). The TonB-dependent receptor protein EdcT appears to be involved in estrogen uptake, being the first time that this kind of proteins has been involved in steroid transport.

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Characterization of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and regulators involved in estrogen degradation in Pseudomonas putida SJTE-1

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Steroids as Environmental Compounds Recalcitrant to Degradation: Genetic Mechanisms of Bacterial Biodegradation Pathways

Steroids as Environmental Compounds Recalcitrant to Degradation: Genetic Mechanisms of Bacterial Biodegradation Pathways

Identification of the EdcR Estrogen-Dependent Repressor in Caenibius tardaugens NBRC 16725: Construction of a Cellular Estradiol Biosensor

Unraveling the 17β-Estradiol Degradation Pathway in Novosphingobium tardaugens NBRC 16725

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