Characterization displacement of multilayered soils using smoothing seismic data, numerical analysis, and probabilistically statistics analysis

Abstract

Differential displacement of soil foundation owing to the seismic excitation has received significant attention for evaluation infrastructure seismic resistance. The multilayered soil interaction requires investigation for the prediction and characterization of multilayered soil differential displacement. In this study, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) filtering method was applied for smoothing acceleration history. The numerical simulation performed using ABAQUS for soil layers interaction assessment. The statistical analysis was also applied for verification accuracy of numerical analysis and to predict the probability of the multilayered soil differential displacement occurrence. The mechanical properties of the soil, the number of soil layers, the location of soil arrangement, the type of seismic loading, and the accuracy of seismic loading were considered for modeling. The hexahedral mesh with a 500 mm size was selected in the numerical simulation. The results reveal the soil layer's interaction influence on differential displacement and flexibility of the multilayered soil. It was observed the nature of seismic loading has a significant influence on the type of soil in minimizing displacement. The soil layer arrangement controls the displacement magnitude and soil layer vibration magnitude. The conversion of the soil differential displacement to soil linear displacement and enhancement of the soil seismic stability occurred because of multilayered soil interaction and the nature of the seismic loading. This study's finding shows the statistical model verified and predicts differential displacement through a suitable application of the statistical model in geotechnical earthquake engineering. The presented method implies the appropriate design of multilayered soil. It can be alternative solutions to predict the differential displacement of multilayered soil by minimizing the number of the modeling through the applied statistical method. It characterized the conversion of the differential displacement to linear displacement by multilayered soil design occurrence.

Analysis of the Dynamic Behavior of Multi-Layered Soil Grounds

“…Jin et al (2022) conducted 1 g shaking-table tests to study the dynamic behaviors of multi-layered soil, but the established soil layer only had two layers and they used soil layers of the same material, which cannot represent multi-layered soil well [12]. Namdar et al (2021) used ABAQUS to conduct a modeling analysis on single-layer soil and three-layer soil to verify the interactions between multiple layers, but their findings were not supported by experimental data [13]. Özener et al (2012) investigated the liquefaction mechanism of layered sand through shaking-table tests and numerical analysis [14].…”

Crack simulation for the cover of the landfill – A seismic design

“…Using the appropriate method to simulate a landfill's seismic response accurately is essential. Further, it must be noted that the material's mechanical properties and the model's geometry properties have an impact on the displacement mechanism, and these properties need to be understood correctly by evaluating the input data accurately [10][11][12]. It is well known that the calculation of seismic deformation caused by an earthquake is prone to some error levels [13][14][15].…”

“…Due to the nonlinearity of the seismic load, numerical simulation results need to be validated using statistical analysis. The current study used artificial neural networks to predict embankment displacement [11][12]26]. The prediction is made from the validation and optimization results of the numerical simulation [27][28][29].…”