Characterization, Cathodoluminescence, and Field‐Emission Properties of Morphology‐Tunable CdS Micro/Nanostructures

Zhai, Tianyou; Fang, Xiaosheng; Bando, Yoshio; Dierre, Benjamin; Liu, Baodan; Zeng, Haibo; Xu, Xijin; Huang, Yang; Yuan, Xiaoli; Sekiguchi, Takashi; Golberg, Dmitri

doi:10.1002/adfm.200900295

Cited by 119 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…To date, well-aligned nanostructure arrays have been obtained for the group IV (Si and Ge), groups III-V (GaP, GaAs, and InP), and groups II-VI (ZnO, ZnS, CdS, ZnSe) even ternary compound semiconductors. [ 21 ] High quality nanostructure arrays grown on demanded substrates in a controlled fashion will not only be desirable to the industry application, but also little or no post-growth manipulation or assembly is needed to build useful blocks. It is well known that aligned nanostructures with ideal geometry, array density and length-diameter-ratio can signifi cantly enhance some unique properties and thus optimize their potential applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnS Nanostructure Arrays: A Developing Material Star

2010

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Semiconductor nanostructure arrays are of great scientific and technical interest because of the strong non-linear and electro-optic effects that occur due to carrier confinement in three dimensions. The use of such nanostructure arrays with tailored geometry, array density, and length-diameter-ratio as building blocks are expected to play a crucial role in future nanoscale devices. With the unique properties of a direct wide-bandgap semiconductor, such as the presence of polar surfaces, excellent transport properties, good thermal stability, and high electronic mobility, ZnS nanostructure arrays has been a developing material star. The research on ZnS nanostructure arrays has seen remarkable progress over the last five years due to the unique properties and important potential applications of nanostructure arrays, which are summarized here. Firstly, a survey of various methods to the synthesis of ZnS nanostructure arrays will be introduced. Next recent efforts on exploiting the unique properties and applications of ZnS nanostructure arrays are discussed. Potential future directions of this research field are also highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnS Nanostructure Arrays: A Developing Material Star

2010

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“…The results suggest that the present V 2 O 5 nanowires are highly efficient field emitters, which rival ZnO, ZnS, Si, SiC, and AlN nanowires/ nanobelts and C nanotubes reported previously. [24,25] The FE current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were further analyzed using the Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) equation, [26][27][28] :…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Centimeter‐Long V₂O₅ Nanowires: From Synthesis to Field‐Emission, Electrochemical, Electrical Transport, and Photoconductive Properties

Zhai¹,

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2010

Advanced Materials

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One-dimensional nanostructures have attracted considerable attention due to their importance in basic scientific research and potential technologic applications. [1][2][3][4] Among them, vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) nanowires have been extensively studied in recent years because of their prospective applications in chemical sensors, field-emitters, catalysts, lithium-ion batteries, actuators, and electrochromic or other nanodevices. [5][6][7] Several different approaches have been explored for the synthesis of V 2 O 5 nanowires, such as thermal evaporation methods, [8,9] hydrothermal/solvothermal syntheses, [5,10,11] sol-gel techniques, [12] and electrodeposition. [13] However, the nanowires synthesized by these methods have typical lengths in the micrometer range (most of them are shorter than 10 mm); moreover, if one can make centimeter-long V 2 O 5 nanowires, which should be much more useful compared to short wires for some specific purposes, such as field-emission (FE), device interconnects, and reinforcing fibers in composites. [14][15][16][17] Herein, we fabricated high-quality single-crystalline centimeter-long V 2 O 5 nanowires ($80-120 nm in diameter, several centimeters in length; aspect ratio >10 5 -10 6 ) using an environmental friendly hydrothermal approach without dangerous reagents, harmful solvents, and surfactants. The FE, electrochemical and electrical transport, and photoconductive properties of the synthesized V 2 O 5 nanowires were then investigated in detail. Our results suggest a high potential of utilizing these novel nanowires in field-emitters, lithium-ion batteries, interconnects, and optoelectronic devices.The representative morphologies of the V 2 O 5 nanowires were investigated by FE scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as shown in Figure 1a. Other SEM images (see the Supporting Information, Fig. S1) also confirm the high-yield fabrication of smooth and straight nanowires of $80-120 nm in diameter. Large portions of the nanowires are usually several millimeters or even up to several centimeters in length (inset of Fig. 1a), resulting in an aspect ratio of $10 5 -10 6. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such ultra-long V 2 O 5 nanowires have been obtained. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the sample is shown in Figure 1b Figure S2 (Supplementary Information) depicts a room temperature micro-Raman spectrum of the ultralong V 2 O 5 nanowires. The peaks, located at 145, 197, 285, 305, 407, 480, 525, 694, and 990 cm À1 , can be assigned to the Raman signature of V 2 O 5 . [18,19] A predominant low-wavelength peak at 145 cm À1 is attributed to the skeleton bent vibration (B 3g mode), while the peaks at 197 and 285 cm À1 derive from the bending vibrations of O C ÀVÀO B bond (A g and B 2g modes). The bending vibration of VÀO C (A g mode), the bending vibration of VÀO B ÀV bond (A g mode), the stretching vibration of VÀO B ÀV bond (A g mode), and the stretching vibration of VÀO C bond (B 2g mode) are regarded at about 305, 407, 525, and 694 cm À1 , respectively. Th...

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“…It is generally accepted that the morphology, dimensionality, and crystal structure of the materials all play important roles in the electronic, optical, magnetic, catalytic, chemical, and other physical properties [3,4]. Crystal morphology is governed by anisotropic surface properties, i.e., the presence of face-specific molecular arrangements, and is a critical determinant of the physical and chemical properties of crystalline materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of surface stability on the morphological transformation of metals and metal oxides as investigated by first-principles calculations

et al. 2015

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Morphology is a key property of materials. Owing to their precise structure and morphology, crystals and nanocrystals provide excellent model systems for joint experimental and theoretical investigations into surface-related properties. Faceted polyhedral crystals and nanocrystals expose well-defined crystallographic planes depending on the synthesis method, which allow for thoughtful investigations into structure-reactivity relationships under practical conditions. This feature article introduces recent work, based on the combined use of experimental findings and first-principles calculations, to provide deeper knowledge of the electronic, structural, and energetic properties controlling the morphology and the transformation mechanisms of different metals and metal oxides: Ag, anatase TiO 2 , BaZrO 3 , and α-Ag 2 WO 4 . According to the Wulff theorem, the equilibrium shapes of these systems are obtained from the values of their respective surface energies. These investigations are useful to gain further understanding of how to achieve morphological control of complex three-dimensional crystals by tuning the ratio of the surface energy values of the different facets. This strategy allows the prediction of possible morphologies for a crystal and/or nanocrystal by controlling the relative values of surface energies.

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Characterization, Cathodoluminescence, and Field‐Emission Properties of Morphology‐Tunable CdS Micro/Nanostructures

Cited by 119 publications

References 60 publications

ZnS Nanostructure Arrays: A Developing Material Star

ZnS Nanostructure Arrays: A Developing Material Star

Centimeter‐Long V₂O₅ Nanowires: From Synthesis to Field‐Emission, Electrochemical, Electrical Transport, and Photoconductive Properties

Effects of surface stability on the morphological transformation of metals and metal oxides as investigated by first-principles calculations

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Characterization, Cathodoluminescence, and Field‐Emission Properties of Morphology‐Tunable CdS Micro/Nanostructures

Cited by 119 publications

References 60 publications

ZnS Nanostructure Arrays: A Developing Material Star

ZnS Nanostructure Arrays: A Developing Material Star

Centimeter‐Long V2O5 Nanowires: From Synthesis to Field‐Emission, Electrochemical, Electrical Transport, and Photoconductive Properties

Effects of surface stability on the morphological transformation of metals and metal oxides as investigated by first-principles calculations

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Centimeter‐Long V₂O₅ Nanowires: From Synthesis to Field‐Emission, Electrochemical, Electrical Transport, and Photoconductive Properties