“…The dissemination of emergency information (information disclosure) online has become an active means of expressing public opinion, further boosting public participation [ 40 ]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment disseminated environmental information relating to the emergency to the public in accordance with the laws [ 5 ]. This information included details of the medical wastewater generated by the Huoshenshan Hospital and provided accurate and timely information to the public and social organizations by various forms of media and through the official website [ 38 , 41 , 42 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…President Xi in China responded to the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan by stating: “If Wuhan beats the pandemic, then Hubei province will succeed, and if Hubei defeats it, China will win.” Wuhan succeeded in establishing the Huoshenshan Hospital for the emergency treatment of COVID-19-infected patients, thereby contributing to the curbing the rapid spread of the virus. However, past studies have confirmed that medical wastewater originating from the hospitals contains many pathogenic microorganisms and viruses [ 1 , 5 ]. This type of wastewater is a significant source of pollution and its release into the environment can result in not only degraded water quality but also affect human and environmental health [ 4 ].…”
Medical wastewater originating from hospitals specializing in infectious diseases pose a major risk to human and environmental health during pandemics. However, there have been few systematic studies on the management of this type of wastewater management. The function of the Huoshenshan Hospital as a designated emergency field hospital for the treatment of COVID-19 has provided lessons for the management measures of medical wastewater, mainly including: (1) Modern information technology, management schemes, and related standard systems provided the legislative foundation for emergency management of medical wastewater. (2) The three-tier prevention and control medical wastewater management system ensured the discharged wastewater met water quality standards, especially for the leak-proof sealed collection system of the first tier, and the biological and chemical treatment technology of the second tier. (3) The establishment of an effective three-tier medical wastewater quality monitoring accountability system. This system was particularly relevant for ensuring continuous data monitoring and dynamic analysis of characteristic indicators. (4) Information disclosure by government and public supervision promoted successful implementation of medical wastewater management and control measures. Public questionnaires (n = 212) further confirmed the effectiveness of information disclosure. The results of this study can act as methodological reference for the emergency management of wastewater in designated infectious disease hospitals under similar situations.
“…The dissemination of emergency information (information disclosure) online has become an active means of expressing public opinion, further boosting public participation [ 40 ]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment disseminated environmental information relating to the emergency to the public in accordance with the laws [ 5 ]. This information included details of the medical wastewater generated by the Huoshenshan Hospital and provided accurate and timely information to the public and social organizations by various forms of media and through the official website [ 38 , 41 , 42 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…President Xi in China responded to the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan by stating: “If Wuhan beats the pandemic, then Hubei province will succeed, and if Hubei defeats it, China will win.” Wuhan succeeded in establishing the Huoshenshan Hospital for the emergency treatment of COVID-19-infected patients, thereby contributing to the curbing the rapid spread of the virus. However, past studies have confirmed that medical wastewater originating from the hospitals contains many pathogenic microorganisms and viruses [ 1 , 5 ]. This type of wastewater is a significant source of pollution and its release into the environment can result in not only degraded water quality but also affect human and environmental health [ 4 ].…”
Medical wastewater originating from hospitals specializing in infectious diseases pose a major risk to human and environmental health during pandemics. However, there have been few systematic studies on the management of this type of wastewater management. The function of the Huoshenshan Hospital as a designated emergency field hospital for the treatment of COVID-19 has provided lessons for the management measures of medical wastewater, mainly including: (1) Modern information technology, management schemes, and related standard systems provided the legislative foundation for emergency management of medical wastewater. (2) The three-tier prevention and control medical wastewater management system ensured the discharged wastewater met water quality standards, especially for the leak-proof sealed collection system of the first tier, and the biological and chemical treatment technology of the second tier. (3) The establishment of an effective three-tier medical wastewater quality monitoring accountability system. This system was particularly relevant for ensuring continuous data monitoring and dynamic analysis of characteristic indicators. (4) Information disclosure by government and public supervision promoted successful implementation of medical wastewater management and control measures. Public questionnaires (n = 212) further confirmed the effectiveness of information disclosure. The results of this study can act as methodological reference for the emergency management of wastewater in designated infectious disease hospitals under similar situations.
“…Eco-environment division personnel conducted daily on-site inspection on the operation of pollution control facilities and checked discharge and monitoring data [10] . For discharge that did not meet the speci ed standards, they would perform step-by-step investigation to identify and solve the problems.…”
Section: With Eld Investigation Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center Quickly Drafted the Emergency Monitoring Program For Covid-19 Outbrmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pollutants from Medical Organizations (GB 18466-2005) [10] From February 2, the closure of the hospital, levels of characteristic indicators of the e uent have been controlled within the standard range [ 34] , with chlorine residual reaching 6.5-10 mg/L, a speci ed standard (GB 18466-2005) for the total chlorine residual at the outlet of a contact disinfection tank of hospitals treating infectious diseases.…”
Section: With Eld Investigation Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center Quickly Drafted the Emergency Monitoring Program For Covid-19 Outbrmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The establishment of the Huoshenshan Hospital has facilitated Wuhan city to effectively control the pandemic. Existing studies have con rmed that medical wastewater from designated hospitals contained a large number of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses [9,10] . As a signi cant source of pollution, it not only degraded water quality but also posed a threat to the health of the general public and surface aquatic ecosystems by potentially spreading and transmitting coronaviruses [4 ] .…”
Background: Medical wastewater from hospitals specializing in infectious diseases is a major health and environmental risk during pandemics. However, few systematic studies on medical wastewater management in hospitals of infectious diseases have been reported. As designated emergency field hospital for the treatment of COVID-19, the Huoshenshan Hospital achieved successful outcomes on emergency management measures of medical wastewater.Results: The lessons of medical wastwater based on Huoshenshan Hospital can be concluded following four aspects: (1) Emergency management system of medical wastewater based on the “Internet Plus” technology, and other related management schemes and standard systems provided legislative foundation for emergency management of medical wastewater. (2) The three-tier prevention and control system of medical wastewater ensured the discharged wastewater meets water quality standards. The system specifically included the individual seep and leak-proof sealed collection system at the first tier, as well as the enhanced disinfection and moving bed biofilm reactor wastewater biological and chemical treatment technology at the second tier. (3) The study established an effective three-tier accountability system in medical wastewater quality monitoring, data recording, storage, and reporting, as well as data review and filing, especially in continuous data monitoring and dynamic analysis of characteristic indicators. (4) Information disclosure by government and public supervision promoted successful implementation of medical wastewater management and control measures. Based on the results of 212 public questionnaires, we also confirmed that information of the case was open to public and internet users who actively participated. Conclusion: Our study will provide methodological reference for the emergency management of wastewater in designated infectious disease hospitals in similar situations.
COVID‐19 is the greatest crucial universal health issue of the century and the extreme challenge that came after the 2nd World War faced by humankind. In 2019, different strains of the coronavirus have emerged drastically, that as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) which is the causative agent of corona disease. As far as human civilization history, there have been occurrences of severe diseases and outbreaks of various viruses. According to World Health Organization reports, throughout the world, the present outbreak of COVID‐19 has engulfed more than 200 countries affecting 241,471,559 individuals and more than 4,914,092 people lost their lives. SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak is severely disturbing the worldwide economy at present. The urgent need of recent times is to understand the environmental aspect of COVID‐19 disease. Hence to fulfill this point, the present review article is compiled with a brief discussion about all the minute points of the COVID‐19 pandemic related to the environment: origin and present scenario, the occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in environmental habitats, the effect of COVID‐19 on human health, and environment, environmental factors influencing the transmission and spreading of SARS‐CoV‐2. This review explains micro and macro pollutants in hospital and urban wastewater influencing COVID‐19, detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, current global drug strategies to control replication and spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 from the environment, future approaches, and guidelines to prevent and control upcoming pandemics. The SARS‐CoV‐2 structural details and their effect on humans have been already well presented but the research about environmental factors affecting COVID‐19 could be important points to fight present and future pandemics.
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