Characterization and thermal behavior of kaolin

Wang, Hongyan; Li, Chunshan; Peng, Zhijian; Zhang, Suojiang

doi:10.1007/s10973-011-1385-0

Cited by 158 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Figures 6 points to the disappearance of peaks attributed to kaolin, while the LOI in Table 1 shows the extent of moisture loss, escape of volatiles and other combustible materials find in the starting kaolin. The specific surface area (s.s.a), for all the samples and product determined by BET method depicted in Figure 7, shows the effect of various treatment on kaolin, which agrees with [36][37][38]. The SEM shown in Figure 8 for both metakaolin, testifies to partial destruction of the kaolinite structure.…”

Section: Calcination and Dealuminationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Organic template free synthesis of ZSM11 from kaolinite clay

2017

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Synthesis of zeolitic materials from mineral ores, encounter serious challenges due to the presence of inherent impurities with the tendencies of inhibiting formation of desired products. Structure directing agent (SDA) though helps to mitigate this effect, but impact negatively on the environment. Zeolite ZSM11 is a promising catalyst that finds application in area not limited to benzene alkylation, gasoline formation from methanol, conversion of low density polyethene into hydrocarbon, etc. Accordingly, this work present successful synthesis of zeolite ZSM11 from kaolinite clay, seeded with NaY type zeolite and aged for 3-11 days, in an organic template free condition. The used kaolinite clays were sourced from two different mines in Nigeria, namely; Kankara and Onibode. They were both subjected to beneficiation, calcinations, dealumination and the gels formed, had molar composition of 9Na2OX30SiO2XAl2O3X225H2O. The raw, intermediate and final products were fully characterized using XRD, XRF, BET and SEM/EDX. The prominent XRD peaks for ZSM11 were noticed for Kankara based sample aged for 11 days with seeding/dealuminatedmetakaolin ratio of 0.2wt% having increased crystallinity and purity as crystallization time increases. Seeding/metakaolin ratios of 0.1, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.3 wt% led to formation of composite material, excluding ZSM11. The morphological analysis gave the shape attributed to ZSM11 and the specific surface area was determined to be 412 and 450m 2 /g, for Kankara and Onibode based products, respectively.

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Section: Calcination and Dealuminationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Organic template free synthesis of ZSM11 from kaolinite clay

2017

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“…According to the literature, this loss is assigned to the elimination of adsorbed water molecules on the external surfaces of the Kt particles [24]. The most important thermal events for Kt occur between 400 and 700°C with a well resolved DTG peak at 517°C that is related to the dehydroxylation of Kt and the formation of meta-kaoline [25,26]. In contrast to the aforementioned clay minerals, Ilt exhibits a distinct thermal behavior.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of solid acidity of clay minerals on the thermal decomposition of 12-aminolauric acid

Liu

Yuan

Dong

et al. 2013

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In this study, the effects of four types of clay minerals on the thermal decomposition of 12-aminolauric acid (ALA) were investigated. The decomposition temperature of ALA in ALA-clay complexes was in the range of 200-500°C. The derivative thermogravimetry results indicated that all clay minerals exhibited catalytic activity on the decomposition of ALA. Pure ALA decomposed at approximately 464°C, a temperature higher than the decomposition temperature of ALA in the presence of clay minerals. The decomposition temperature of ALA in different ALA-clay complexes follows the order illite (452°C) [ kaolinite (419°C) [ rectorite (417°C) [ montmorillonite (400°C). This order is negatively correlated with the amounts of solid acid sites in the clay minerals, indicating that ALA is catalyzed by the solid acid sites in these minerals.

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“…Metakaolin is not a simple mixture of amorphous silica (SiO 2 ) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), but rather a complex amorphous structure that retains some longer-range order (not strictly crystalline) due to the stacking of its hexagonal layers (White et al 2010). (Wang et al 2011). The general feature for mixtures of NK and PF samples was similar to those observed in NK samples.…”

Section: Fire Performancementioning

confidence: 90%

“…At higher concentrations of PF there are some combustible gases such as CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , and NH 3 in the PF pyrolysis, which may have promoted the samples coated by PF to ignite sooner. NK is a type of phyllosilicate mineral, which is composed of silicate sheets (Si 2 O 5 ) bonded to aluminum oxide/hydroxide [Al 2 (OH) 4 ] layers (Wang et al 2011). NK has a very good thermal conductivity and thermal stability (Yang et al 2001), but it was observed that the NK was poorly bonded to the surface of the fiberboard.…”

Section: Fire Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fire Performance of Fiber Board Coated with Nano Kaolin-Clay Film

2013

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Fiberboard is a common interior material used both in China and the United States of America. The increase in demand for interior materials has raised concerns regarding combustibility of the materials. The pyrolysis characteristics of fiber, phenolic resin (PF), and nano kaolinclay (NK) were investigated using thermogravimetry. The fire performances of samples coated with a mixture of NK and PF were determined using a cone calorimeter. The pyrolysis process of fiber included three phases dependent on chemical composition. The initial temperature of PF pyrolysis was about 100 °C and it stopped at 280°C. The major mass loss of NK was observed between 400 to 600 °C due to the gradual oxolation of the metakaolin. In comparison with fiber board, samples coated with a mixture of NK and PF achieved a better fire performance. The results showed a longer TTI, lower HRR, and THR, and less CO and CO 2 yield, especially from a mixture of NK (90%) and PF (10%). The application of an NK and PF mixture to fiber board as a flame retardant is an effective method for enhancing fire safety and resistance.

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Characterization and thermal behavior of kaolin

Cited by 158 publications

References 19 publications

Organic template free synthesis of ZSM11 from kaolinite clay

Organic template free synthesis of ZSM11 from kaolinite clay

Effects of solid acidity of clay minerals on the thermal decomposition of 12-aminolauric acid

Fire Performance of Fiber Board Coated with Nano Kaolin-Clay Film

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