Characterization and Some Physicochemical Aspects of Pathological Microcalcifications

Bazin, Dominique; Daudon, Michel; Combes, Christèle; Rey, Christian

doi:10.1021/cr200068d

Cited by 172 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 468 publications

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“…Most of these calcium phosphate biominerals exist as amorphous phase in primitive organisms. However, in evolved organisms and especially in vertebrates, they exist mainly as apatite structures, although a variety of other crystallized calcium phosphate phases (whitlockite, brushite, and octacalcium phosphate) may form in uncontrolled pathologic calcifications [2,3]. Compared to other crystalline biominerals such as calcium carbonates, calcium phosphate apatites exhibit undeniably larger biological adaptability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apatite Biominerals

2016

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Calcium phosphate apatites offer outstanding biological adaptability that can be attributed to their specific physico-chemical and structural properties. The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the specific characteristics of calcium phosphate apatite biominerals in vertebrate hard tissues (bone, dentine and enamel). Firstly, the structural, elemental and chemical compositions of apatite biominerals will be summarized, followed by the presentation of the actual conception of the fine structure of synthetic and biological apatites, which is essentially based on the existence of a hydrated layer at the surface of the nanocrystals. The conditions of the formation of these biominerals and the hypothesis of the existence of apatite precursors will be discussed. Then, we will examine the evolution of apatite biominerals, especially during bone and enamel aging and also focus on the adaptability of apatite biominerals to the biological function of their related hard tissues. Finally, the diagenetic evolution of apatite fossils will be analyzed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apatite Biominerals

2016

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“…This approach can lead to misinterpretations of stone compositions and bring about erroneous assessments of the consequences of dietary conditions. We do note that the occurrence of amorphous carbonated calcium phosphate (ACCP) in pathological mineralization is thoroughly established [27]; however, also, the role of ACC in pathological mineralisation could be a more widespread phenomenon. Strategies to inhibit nucleation and crystallisation, within the notions of alternative pathways to particle formation [7,28,29], may potentially allow for the development of new medical treatments, perhaps even beyond the calcium-carbonate-rich urinary stones in guinea pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Indications that Amorphous Calcium Carbonates Occur in Pathological Mineralisation—A Urinary Stone from a Guinea Pig

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Calcium carbonate is an abundant biomineral that is of great importance in industrial or geological contexts. In recent years, many studies of the precipitation of CaCO 3 have shown that amorphous precursors and intermediates are widespread in the biomineralization processes and can also be exploited in bio-inspired materials chemistry. In this work, the thorough investigation of a urinary stone of a guinea pig suggests that amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) can play a role in pathological mineralization. Importantly, certain analytical techniques that are often applied in the corresponding analyses are sensitive only to crystalline CaCO 3 and can misleadingly exclude the relevance of calcium carbonate during the formation of urinary stones. Our analyses suggest that ACC is the major constituent of the particular stone studied, which possibly precipitated on struvite nuclei. Minor amounts of urea, other stable inorganics, and minor organic inclusions are observed as well.

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“…It is important to determine the kinetics and dynamics during nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) in order to understand several health-related issues, such as bone and tooth biomineralization [167], and pathological calcification in stones and in cardiovascular disease [168,169]. Very recently, Wang et al examined nucleation of hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), a major component in bone and teeth, at different supersaturations using in situ AFM with long imaging times (~30 h) to capture complete processes of HAP surface growth.…”

Section: Calcium Phosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy Studies on Nucleation and Self-Assembly of Biogenic and Bio-Inspired Materials

Zeng

Vitale-Sullivan

2017

Minerals

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Through billions of years of evolution, nature has been able to create highly sophisticated and ordered structures in living systems, including cells, cellular components and viruses. The formation of these structures involves nucleation and self-assembly, which are fundamental physical processes associated with the formation of any ordered structure. It is important to understand how biogenic materials self-assemble into functional and highly ordered structures in order to determine the mechanisms of biological systems, as well as design and produce new classes of materials which are inspired by nature but equipped with better physiochemical properties for our purposes. An ideal tool for the study of nucleation and self-assembly is in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM), which has been widely used in this field and further developed for different applications in recent years. The main aim of this work is to review the latest contributions that have been reported on studies of nucleation and self-assembly of biogenic and bio-inspired materials using in situ AFM. We will address this topic by introducing the background of AFM, and discussing recent in situ AFM studies on nucleation and self-assembly of soft biogenic, soft bioinspired and hard materials.

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Characterization and Some Physicochemical Aspects of Pathological Microcalcifications

Cited by 172 publications

References 468 publications

Apatite Biominerals

Apatite Biominerals

Indications that Amorphous Calcium Carbonates Occur in Pathological Mineralisation—A Urinary Stone from a Guinea Pig

In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy Studies on Nucleation and Self-Assembly of Biogenic and Bio-Inspired Materials

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