Characterization and Properties of Activated Carbon Prepared from Tamarind Seeds by KOH Activation for Fe(III) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution

Mopoung, Sumrit; Moonsri, Phansiri; Palas, Wanwimon; Khumpai, Sataporn

doi:10.1155/2015/415961

Cited by 235 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The spectra of prepared 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% AC/K showed a decreasing trend in the broad peak of C-O around 900-1300 cm -1 and the C=C absorption band around 1500 -1650 cm -1 . This result in agreement by the previous studies [11,17] indicating that by increasing the amount of activating agent, the activation reaction would increase and more weak bonds disappeared by thermal degradation.…”

Section: Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of One Step Activation Koh Modified Carbon in Dimethyl Carbonate Transesterification Reactions

Yacob¹,

Muda

Zaki

2017

MJAS

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In this work one step activation was introduced to potassium hydroxide (KOH) modified palm kernel shells. Various concentration of potassium hydroxide was used to activate and impregnate palm kernel shell before calcined at 600 o C for 2 hours. All the prepared samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nitrogen Adsorption Analysis and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), respectively. The basicity and basic strength of the prepared samples were determined using back titration methods. Following the preparation, the samples were used as base heterogeneous catalyst in palm oil transesterification reaction using dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Analysis of the products were performed using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) while to check the possibility of leaching, that is the presence of potassium in the biodiesel X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy was used. FTIR analysis of the raw palm kernel shell showed the presence of various functional groups. However, after the activation most of the functional groups were eliminated. A high BET surface area of 1054 m 2 /g was obtained from 10% AC/K, while the BET surface area for 15%, 20% and 25% AC/K decreases. This study shows, as the percentage of one step activation potassium doped carbon increases, the basic strength increases and followed by the increase in biodiesel production with leaching free reaction. The percentage conversion of biodiesel for 10% AC/KOH, 15% AC/KOH, 20% AC/KOH and 25% AC/KOH calculated were 35%, 45%, 63% and 67%, respectively. AbstrakDalam kajian ini pengaktifan satu langkah diperkenalkan dengan menggunakan kalium hidroksida (KOH) terubahsuai tempurung kelapa sawit. Pelbagai kepekatan kalium hidroksida digunakan bagi mengaktifkan dan menepukan tempurung kelapa sawit sebelum dikalsin pada 600 o C selama 2 jam. Kesemua sampel yang telah disediakan dianalisis mengunakan teknik spektroskopi Inframerah Transformasi Fourier (FTIR), Analisis Penjerapan Nitrogen dan Mikroskopi Medan Pancaran Imbasan Elektron (FESEM). Kebesan dan kekuatan bes sampel yang disediakan ditentukan melalui pentitratan kembali. Sampel yang telah disediakan digunakan sebagai pemangkin bes heterogen untuk transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan dimetil karbonat (DMC). Hasil yang didapati dianalisis dengan menggunakan Gas Kromatografi -Pengesan Pengionan Nyala (GC-FID) manakala untuk mengkaji kemungkinan larut resap iaitu kehadiran kalium dalam biodiesel, spektroskopi sinar-X pendarflour (XRF) digunakan. Analisis FTIR tempurung kelapa sawit mentah menunjukkan kehadiran pelbagai kumpulan berfungsi. Walaubagaimanapun, selepas pengaktifan dan karbonisasi, kebanyakan kumpulan berfungsi ini telah disingkirkan. Luas permukaan BET yang tinggi iaitu 1054 m 2 /g telah diperolehi daripada 10% AC/KOH, manakala luas permukaan BET untuk 15%, 20% dan 25% AC/KOH menurun. Hasil kajian menunjukkan apabila peratus penepuan karbon dalam pengaktifan satu langkah oleh kalium meningkat, kekuatan bes turut meningkat diikuti ole...

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Section: Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of One Step Activation Koh Modified Carbon in Dimethyl Carbonate Transesterification Reactions

Yacob¹,

Muda

Zaki

2017

MJAS

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“…The study was conducted according to American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM, 2006). The fixed carbon content obtained from this study is higher than other biomass precursor reported before such as rice husk biocarbon (17.34%) (Kizito et al, 2015), tamarind seed biocarbon (28.89%) (Mopoung et al, 2015), and Leucaena leucocephala bark (18.10%) (Anupam et al, 2011). This may be due to the structural compositional difference in terms of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin that build up the cell wall of the precursor used (Hodgson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Adsorption Of Methylene Bluecontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Iodine number is also depicted as an indication of total surface area. The typical range for iodine number required for waste water application is 500-1200 mg/g (Mopoung et al, 2015). The results of iodine number determination is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Adsorption Of Methylene Bluementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Magnetic Coconut Shell-derived Biocarbon for Methylene Blue Removal

Abdullah¹,

Abdullah²,

Amin³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advance and Scientific Innovation, ICASI 2019, 18 July, B

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This study presents the preparation of magnetic biocarbon from coconut shell. The physicochemical properties of the prepared biocarbon was initially characterized by their iodine adsorptive capacity to estimate structure porosity and surface area. The comparative study was conducted between coconut shell-derived biocarbon (CSB), coconut shell-derived activated biocarbon (CSAB), and magnetic coconut shell-derived biocarbon (MCSB) to evaluate their adsorption efficiency towards methylene blue (MB) dyes in aqueous solution. The iodine number for CSAB showed greater difference compared to the CSB and MCSB. Meanwhile, the adsorption studies indicated that MCSB had higher adsorption value (68.83 mg/g) for methylene blue dye than the other biosorbents. This was due to abundant of Fe3O4 species and oxygen containing functional groups after the biocarbon was modified. The data of MB adsorption by MCSB reflected better adsorption efficiency overall. Hence, magnetization is suggested as a better option for biocarbon modification.

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“…This might be because of the activation process, the use of phosphoric acid as activating agent, which helped the pores development thus indirectly increased the surface area obtained [16]. This is supported by the Nitrogen Gas Adsorption Single Point Analysis results where the surface area of the TSC obtained was higher compared to the tamarind seed activated carbon prepared with base activating agent (KOH) [17]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Preparation of activated carbon from tamarind seeds and Methylene blue (MB) removal

Jamion¹,

Hashim²

2018

J. Fundam and Appl Sci.

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In this study, thedye treatment which is methylene blue ascertained with the activated carbon that prepared from the tamarind seed (Tamarindusindica). The conditions used to prepare activated carbon, using phosphoric acid as an activating agent at temperature 500 conditions may be attributed to enhance the surface area and pores development of TSC.Single point BET surface area (S and FESEM analysis showed that the pores development and formation were mostly in circle and oval pattern. The best conditions for TSC sample to adsorb MB effectively were at 50 mL of MB with concentration 120 ppm at temperature, 323 K by u maximum adsorption capacity for MB dye solution was 102.77 mg g In this study, thedye treatment which is methylene blue (MB) as water pollutants the activated carbon that prepared from the tamarind seed ). The conditions used to prepare activated carbon, (TSC) were activat using phosphoric acid as an activating agent at temperature 500 o C for four hours. These conditions may be attributed to enhance the surface area and pores development of TSC.Single point BET surface area (S BET ) analysis gave the surface area of TSC was and FESEM analysis showed that the pores development and formation were mostly in circle and oval pattern. The best conditions for TSC sample to adsorb MB effectively were at 50 mL of MB with concentration 120 ppm at temperature, 323 K by using 0.04 g of TSC. The maximum adsorption capacity for MB dye solution was 102.77 mg g -1 .; methylene blue; adsorption; phosphoric acid.

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Characterization and Properties of Activated Carbon Prepared from Tamarind Seeds by KOH Activation for Fe(III) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution

Cited by 235 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of One Step Activation Koh Modified Carbon in Dimethyl Carbonate Transesterification Reactions

Effect of One Step Activation Koh Modified Carbon in Dimethyl Carbonate Transesterification Reactions

Application of Magnetic Coconut Shell-derived Biocarbon for Methylene Blue Removal

Preparation of activated carbon from tamarind seeds and Methylene blue (MB) removal

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