Characterization and phylogenetic identification of a species of spherical multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes that produces both magnetite and greigite crystals

Zhang, Rui; Chen, Yi-Ran; Du, Haijian; Zhang, Wenyan; Pan, Hongmiao; Xiao, Tian; Wu, Long‐Fei

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2014.07.012

Cited by 36 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…Morphologically, sMMPs and eMMPs are assemblages of bacterial cells that swim as a unit and respond to a magnetic field because of the thousands of magnetosomes organized in chains within their cells (Keim et al ., ; Lins et al ., ; Wenter et al ., ). sMMPs produce pleomorphic greigite (Fe 3 S 4 ) magnetosomes, bullet‐shaped magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) magnetosomes (Lins et al ., ), tooth‐shaped greigite magnetosomes (Posfai et al ., ) or both types (Lins et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ), whereas most eMMPs produce only bullet‐shaped magnetite magnetosomes, except for Ca . Magnetananas rongchenensis, which produces both bullet‐shaped and parallelipedal magnetite magnetosomes (Chen et al ., ; Chen et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of ellipsoidal magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes depicts their complex assemblage and cellular polarity in the context of magnetotaxis

Leão

Chen

Abreu

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes (MMPs) consist of unique microorganisms formed by genetically identical Gram-negative bacterial that live as a single individual capable of producing magnetic nano-particles called magnetosomes. Two distinct morphotypes of MMPs are known: spherical MMPs (sMMPs) and ellipsoidal MMPs (eMMPs). sMMPs have been extensively characterized, but less information exists for eMMPs. Here, we report the ultrastructure and organization as well as gene clusters responsible for magnetosome and flagella biosynthesis in the magnetite magnetosome producer eMMP Candidatus Magnetananas rongchenensis. Transmission electron microscopy and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) 3D reconstruction reveal that cells with a conspicuous core-periphery polarity were organized around a central space. Magnetosomes were organized in multiple chains aligned along the periphery of each cell. In the partially sequenced genome, magnetite-related mamAB gene and mad gene clusters were identified. Two cell morphologies were detected: irregular elliptical conical 'frustum-like' (IECF) cells and H-shaped cells. IECF cells merge to form H-shaped cells indicating a more complex structure and possibly a distinct evolutionary position of eMMPs when compared with sMMPs considering multicellularity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of ellipsoidal magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes depicts their complex assemblage and cellular polarity in the context of magnetotaxis

Leão

Chen

Abreu

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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“…At low magnetic fields, such as the Earth's, they swim in complex, looping trajectories nearby the obstacle. Chemotaxis was observed in a single MMP species (Wenter et al, 2009), whereas photophobic responses have been reported in both spherical and ellipsoidal MMPs (Shapiro et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2014), including 'Ca. Translational velocities in spherical MMPs, including 'Ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These are attached to cytoskeletal fibres allowing the interaction of their magnetic dipole moment with the local field to generate a torque that aligns the whole microorganism along the magnetic field lines while it swims propelled by flagella (Faivre and Schuler, 2008). Magnetotaxis has also been shown to be coupled to chemotaxis (Wenter et al, 2009) and phototaxis (Frankel et al, 1997;Chen et al, 2011;Shapiro et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2012;Almeida et al, 2013;Azevedo et al, 2013;Zhou et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2014;De Melo and Acosta-Avalos, 2017). In several cultivated unicellular magnetotactic bacteria, magnetotaxis is coupled to aerotaxis, in a behaviour described as magneto-aerotaxis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pure cultures of MMPs are not yet available, and most studies up to now rely on samples obtained from the environment, microcosms or enrichment cultures. They proliferate by dividing the whole ensemble into two offspring; no single-cell stage has been detected up to now (Keim et al, 2004b;Zhou et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2014). Despite morphological differences, they show coherent phylogeny, structure, life cycle and behaviour (Keim et al, 2004a;Abreu et al, 2007;Zhou et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2015;Kolinko et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2016;Leão et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When they encounter an obstacle, they remain rotating and eventually undergo backward excursions followed by forward movement Keim et al, 2007). M. multicellularis', range from 50 to 150 mm s 21 (Greenberg et al, 2005;Perantoni et al, 2009;Almeida et al, 2013;Azevedo et al 2013;Zhou et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2014). When observed from behind, the trajectory and the body rotate clockwise both in forward and looping movements, with about the same frequency Keim et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of applied magnetic fields on motility and magnetotaxis in the uncultured magnetotactic multicellular prokaryote ‘CandidatusMagnetoglobus multicellularis’

Keim

Melo

Almeida

et al. 2018

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Magnetotactic bacteria are found in the chemocline of aquatic environments worldwide. They produce nanoparticles of magnetic minerals arranged in chains in the cytoplasm, which enable these microorganisms to align to magnetic fields while swimming propelled by flagella. Magnetotactic bacteria are diverse phylogenetically and morphologically, including cocci, rods, vibria, spirilla and also multicellular forms, known as magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes (MMPs). We used video-microscopy to study the motility of the uncultured MMP 'Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis' under applied magnetic fields ranging from 0.9 to 32 Oersted (Oe). The bidimensional projections of the tridimensional trajectories where interpreted as plane projections of cylindrical helices and fitted as sinusoidal curves. The results showed that 'Ca. M. multicellularis' do not orient efficiently to low magnetic fields, reaching an efficiency of about 0.65 at 0.9-1.5 Oe, which are four to six times the local magnetic field. Good efficiency (0.95) is accomplished for magnetic fields ≥10 Oe. For comparison, unicellular magnetotactic microorganisms reach such efficiency at the local magnetic field. Considering that the magnetic moment of 'Ca. M. multicellularis' is sufficient for efficient alignment at the Earth's magnetic field, we suggest that misalignments are due to flagella movements, which could be driven by photo-, chemo- and/or other types of taxis.

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Microbe‐Mediated Extracellular and Intracellular Mineralization: Environmental, Industrial, and Biotechnological Applications

et al. 2020

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Bacteria play an important role in the calcification process of natural minerals and within organisms ( Table 1). It is Microbe-mediated mineralization is ubiquitous in nature, involving bacteria, fungi, viruses, and algae. These mineralization processes comprise calcification, silicification, and iron mineralization. The mechanisms for mineral formation include extracellular and intracellular biomineralization. The mineral precipitating capability of microbes is often harnessed for green synthesis of metal nanoparticles, which are relatively less toxic compared with those synthesized through physical or chemical methods. Microbe-mediated mineralization has important applications ranging from pollutant removal and nonreactive carriers, to other industrial and biomedical applications. Herein, the different types of microbe-mediated biomineralization that occur in nature, their mechanisms, as well as their applications are elucidated to create a backdrop for future research.

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Characterization and phylogenetic identification of a species of spherical multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes that produces both magnetite and greigite crystals

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Ultrastructure of ellipsoidal magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes depicts their complex assemblage and cellular polarity in the context of magnetotaxis

Ultrastructure of ellipsoidal magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes depicts their complex assemblage and cellular polarity in the context of magnetotaxis

Effect of applied magnetic fields on motility and magnetotaxis in the uncultured magnetotactic multicellular prokaryote ‘CandidatusMagnetoglobus multicellularis’

Microbe‐Mediated Extracellular and Intracellular Mineralization: Environmental, Industrial, and Biotechnological Applications

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