Characterization and Optimization of Culture Conditions for Aurantiochytrium sp. SC145 Isolated from Sand Cay (Son Ca) Island, Vietnam, and Antioxidative and Neuroprotective Activities of Its Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Mixture

Abstract

Aurantiochytrium is a heterotrophic marine microalga that has potential industrial applications. The main objectives of this study were to isolate an Aurantiochytrium strain from Sand Cay (Son Ca) Island, Vietnam, optimize its culture conditions, determine its nutritional composition, extract polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the free (FFA) and the alkyl ester (FAAE) forms, and evaluate the antioxidation and neuroprotection properties of the PUFAs. Aurantiochytrium sp. SC145 can be grown stably under laboratory conditions. Its culture conditions were optimized for a dry cell weight (DCW) of 31.18 g/L, with total lipids comprising 25.29%, proteins 7.93%, carbohydrates 15.21%, and carotenoid at 143.67 µg/L of DCW. The FAAEs and FFAs extracted from Aurantiochytrium sp. SC145 were rich in omega 3–6–9 fatty acids (40.73% and 44.00% of total fatty acids, respectively). No acute or subchronic oral toxicity was determined in mice fed with the PUFAs in FFA or FAAE forms at different doses over 90 days. Furthermore, the PUFAs in the FFA or FAAE forms and their main constituents of EPA, DHA, and ALA showed antioxidant and AChE inhibitory properties and neuroprotective activities against damage caused by H2O2- and amyloid-ß protein fragment 25–35 (Aβ25-35)-induced C6 cells. These data suggest that PUFAs extracted from Aurantiochytrium sp. SC145 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

Emerging microalgal feed additives for ruminant production and sustainability

“…Superior meat quality is characterized by taste, texture, and nutritional attributes, often warranting premium prices due to consumer preferences (Hathwar et al 2012 ). As such, improving meat quality, and particularly its nutritional content, can substantially advance the profitability of ruminant production (Delgado-Pertíñez et al 2021 ).…”

“…Nannochloropsis spp., on the other hand, can accumulate high levels of an omega-3 very long chain fatty acid termed eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) under stressful conditions (Ma et al 2014;Rebolloso-Fuentes et al 2001), while Isochrysis galbana and Schizochytrium spp. can produce high amounts of a similar fatty acid termed docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (Hien et al 2022;Mohy El-Din 2019;Xu et al 2021). Both EPA and DHA can enhance animal health and the nutritional value of animal products (Barta et al 2021).…”

Marine thraustochytrid: exploration from taxonomic challenges to biotechnological applications

“…Existing research has demonstrated that thraustochytrid PUFAs or intracellular lipid extracts possess anti-inflammatory (Takahashi et al, 2019), antioxidant (Hien et al, 2022;Kalidasan et al, 2022;Kaliyamoorthy et al, 2023), neuroprotective (Hien et al, 2022) and anticancer properties (Shakeri et al, 2017;Kalidasan et al, 2022), highlighting their significant medicinal value (Table 3). Dietary supplementation with DHA has been proven to effectively elevate plasma total DHA levels (reaching 65 mM) (Mayer et al, 2003).…”

Genome‐scale metabolic modeling of Thraustochytrium sp. RT2316‐16: Effects of nutrients on metabolism

“…In addition, Thraustochytrium spp. has been reported to produce carotenoids (β‐carotene, echinenone, canthaxanthin, phoenicoxanthin, and astaxanthin) (Carmona et al, 2003; Hien et al, 2022; Yamaoka et al, 2004).…”