Characterization and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates Associated with Fish Aquaculture in Ponds and Rivers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Abstract

The transfer of resistant organisms through consumption of contaminated fish and shell fish poses a substantial risk of environmental contamination because of the practice of using medicated feeds to treat pens or cages. However, antibiotics used for animals either for therapy or prophylaxis can result in transfer of resistant genes from animals to humans and thereby establishing a reservoir of resistant microbes. This study was aimed at identifying bacterial isolates associated with fish pond aquaculture and their multiple resistance pattern to antibiotics. Samples of infected catfishes were collected from a fish pond in Aluu, Rivers state. The fishes were characterized by skin lesions which indicate the infection. Sterile swabs were used to swab the lesions on the skins of the fishes. The antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Standardized inoculums of the overnight grown broth cultures were spread on Mueller-Hinton agar plates using

Resistant Genes of Microbes Associated with Abattoir Wastes

“…This poses a threat as treatment against infections caused by these organisms becomes difficult or may take a longer time to respond against the causative agent [39]. Microbial drug resistance has been reported to be linked with mechanisms such as inappropriate use of the drugs, widespread use of antibiotics in the production of animal feeds, its use in treatment of infections and for prophylaxis and excretion of metabolized or non-metabolized administered drugs by animals into the environment which undergo transformation into their active forms [43,19,44,45].…”

Fish, Tilapia, and Shigellosis: A review

“…The treatment of Shigella infections involves reducing water and electrolyte disorders and the use of antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracyclines, erythromycin, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and quinolones in severe cases (Romero, 1999;León-Ramírez, 2002;Álvarez et al, 2008;Lluque et al, 2015;da Cunha et al, 2017;CDC, 2020). However, an increase in the incidence of antimicrobial resistance has been reported by isolates of Shigella spp., of clinical origin and food, including fish, considering the phenomenon of resistance in food pathogens a global health problem and the development of a Shigella vaccine is taken as a high priority (Guchi and Ashenafi, 2010;Lluque et al, 2015;Hosseini et al, 2016;Ogbonna and Inana, 2018;Noor et al, 2020). The species of the genus Shigella have a phylogenetic relationship with the genera Salmonella and Escherichia, but unlike these, it does not have animal reservoirs, being detected only in humans and in some cases primates that can be considered accidental hosts, meaning that there is a risk of zoonotic transmission, in addition to its presence in the environment being related to faecal contamination (Huss, 1997;Acha and Szyfres, 2001;Lampel, 2009;Elika, 2013;da Cunha et al, 2017).…”

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Salmonella Species Isolated from Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

“…Bacterial colonies enumerated as colony forming units (CFUs) were sub-cultured after streaking on solidified surface-dried nutrient/plate count agar for purity purposes. Identification of species followed cultural and morphological characteristics and various biochemical tests including Methyl red, Mortility, Indole, Oxidase, Catalase, Voges-Proskauer, Citrate and Sugar fermentation according to methods adopted by Ogbonna and Inana [15].…”