Characterization and monitoring of vacuum pressure of tank containers with multilayer insulation for cryogenic clean fuels storage and transportation

Wang, Bo; Luo, Ruoyin; Chen, Hong; Chen, Zheng; Gao, Yunfei; Wang, Haoren; Hashmi, Abdul Rehman; Zhao, Qinyu; Gan, Zhihua

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116569

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Once the gas flow variation was less than 5%, the calorimeter system was considered to have achieved thermal equilibrium. The flowmeter values and boundary temperatures of tested sample were recorded every 10 minutes for the following hour [8,9].…”

Section: Insulation Performance Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 4 provides a summary of the measurement uncertainties of the LN2 boil-off calorimeter. The uncertainties of Q, q, and λ can be calculated using the following equations [9,10]:…”

Section: Insulation Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the testing method for 60 layers of MLI materials aligns with the procedure outlined in Section 2.2, "Insulation Performance Measurement", of the present study, while the results for 50 layers of MLI materials are from Ref. [9]. Although the apparent thermal conductivities of the three are all on the order of 10 -4 W/(m• K) and demonstrates outstanding insulation performance, the insulation effect of MLI, renowned as the super-insulation, is evidently superior.…”

Section: Insulation Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental study on the micro-structure and cryogenic insulation performance of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket

Ma,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Ninth International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Automation Technology (MMEAT 2023)

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The novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket is a new type of cryogenic insulation material, commonly used as thermal protection systems and applied in the annular space of cryogenic equipment. This study used scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry to explore its fiber morphology and pore structure for better understanding the micro-structure of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket, and measured its insulation performance under the high vacuum and extremely low temperature conditions using the static liquid-nitrogen boil-off calorimetry. The conclusions are drawn: The diameter of the fibers was mostly distributed within the range of 5.8-8.6 μm, with an average fiber diameter of 7.91 μm; The blanket has a porosity of 92.28%, an average pore diameter (4V/A) of 40.64 μm; In high vacuum conditions of 10-4 Pa and at boundary temperatures of the liquid nitrogen, the apparent thermal conductivity was determined to be 8.198×10-4 W/(m·K) with a heat flux of 11.195 W/m2 , demonstrating good insulation performance. This study provides significant reference value for a deeper understanding of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket and its applications in cryogenic equipment.

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Section: Insulation Performance Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 4 provides a summary of the measurement uncertainties of the LN2 boil-off calorimeter. The uncertainties of Q, q, and λ can be calculated using the following equations [9,10]:…”

Section: Insulation Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insulation Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental study on the micro-structure and cryogenic insulation performance of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket

Ma,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Ninth International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Automation Technology (MMEAT 2023)

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“…However, the literature did not mention the insulation performance optimization of large LH 2 storage tanks. Wang et al [20] studied the heat leakage in MLI tanks at different vacuum levels and proposed a new method that could inversely identify the pressure in the vacuum interlayer by obtaining the temperature on the surface of the reflectors. The results showed that the apparent thermal conductivity was almost constant when the vacuum of the insulation jacket was <0.1 Pa, and the heat leakage heat flux increased rapidly when the vacuum was >1 Pa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of the Insulation Performance of a 4000 m3 Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank

Xie

Zhu

et al. 2023

Processes

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Efficient insulation technology is one of the key technologies for the development of large LH2 storage tanks. This paper aimed at a 4000 m3 LH2 spherical tank, many insulation schemes were designed, including multilayer insulation systems integrated with a vapor-cooled shield (VCS) and liquid-nitrogen-cooled shield (LN2CS). The heat transfer model was developed to predict the insulation performance of a LH2 spherical tank. The effect of the VCS position on insulation performance was studied, and the different configurations of double VCSs were compared and discussed. The results showed that the daily evaporation rate of MLI, hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) and vacuum was only 2.05 × 10−3%, 3.62 × 10−3% and 7.94 × 10−2% at 1.34 Pa, respectively. MLI was still the optimal insulation scheme for a 4000 m3 LH2 spherical tank. Meanwhile, it was found that when the single VCS was placed at the 10th layer, the heat leakage was reduced by approximately 40.5% compared with MLI. The heat leakage of parallel VCS(P-VCS) was 76.6% lower than that of MLI. The minimum heat leakage of series VCS(S-VCS) was 83.79%, 72.75% and 37.36% lower than that of MLI, single VCS and P-VCS, respectively. Additionally, the heat leakage of the LH2 tank could be reduced to less than 10 W when LN2CS was installed. These results provide a design reference for the highly efficient storage of large LH2 tanks.

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Experimental and Computational Study of the Thermal Insulation Properties of Hollow Glass Microspheres

Wang,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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Hollow glass microspheres (HGM) are expected to be used in cryogenic liquid storage tanks as an insulating material with better insulation performance and lower maintenance cost instead of perlite. Obtaining the effective thermal conductivity of HGM can help to improve the insulation performance of cryogenic tanks. Herein, a test system based on the transient plane source method is designed and constructed, and the effective thermal conductivity of six models of HGMs from four suppliers at 200–300 K is measured. The results show that under atmosphere pressure of 200 K, the effective thermal conductivity of HGM is only 25.87–35.84 mW m−1 K−1. The effective thermal conductivity at room and low temperatures is calculated using the derived system of equations for integrated thermal conductivity and radiative heat transfer, with the error of no more than 13% from the current experimental results. The integrated thermal conductivity is still dominant in low pressure and low temperature, and the reduction of the true density contributes to the improvement of the HGM insulation performance.

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Characterization and monitoring of vacuum pressure of tank containers with multilayer insulation for cryogenic clean fuels storage and transportation

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental study on the micro-structure and cryogenic insulation performance of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket

Experimental study on the micro-structure and cryogenic insulation performance of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket

Design and Optimization of the Insulation Performance of a 4000 m3 Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank

Experimental and Computational Study of the Thermal Insulation Properties of Hollow Glass Microspheres

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