Characterization and identification of the powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat breeding line ShiCG15–009

Abstract

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a serious fungal disease that critically threatens the yield and quality of wheat. Utilization of host resistance is the most effective and economical method to control this disease. In our study, a wheat breeding line ShiCG15–009, released from Hebei Province, was highly resistant to powdery mildew at all stages. To dissect its genetic basis, ShiCG15–009 was crossed with the susceptible cultivar Yannong 21 to produce F1, F2 and F2:3 progenies. After genetic analysis, a single dominant gene, tentatively designated PmCG15–009, was proved to confer resistance to Bgt isolate E09. Further molecular markers analysis showed that PmCG15–009 was located on chromosome 2BL and flanked by markers XCINAU130 and XCINAU143 with the genetic distances 0.2 and 0.4 cM, respectively, corresponding to a physic interval of 705.14–723.48 Mb referred to the Chinese Spring reference genome sequence v2.1. PmCG15–009 was most likely a new gene differed from the documented Pm genes on chromosome 2BL since its different origin, genetic diversity, and physical position. To analyze and identify the candidate genes, six genes associated with disease resistance in the candidate interval were confirmed to be associated with PmCG15–009 via qRT-PCR analysis using the parents ShiCG15–009 and Yannong 21 and time-course analysis post-inoculation with Bgt isolate E09. To accelerate the transfer of PmCG15–009 using marker-assisted selection (MAS), 18 closely or co-segregated markers were evaluated and confirmed to be suitable for tracing PmCG15–009, when it was transferred into different wheat cultivars.

A diverse panel of 755 bread wheat accessions harbors untapped genetic diversity in landraces and reveals novel genetic regions conferring powdery mildew resistance

“…** Region of significant association without extension based on LD decay. (1) Yahiaoui et al 2004 , (2) Singh et al 2018 , (3) Shi et al 1998 , (4) Peusha et al 2004 , (5) Lillemo et al 2008 , (6) Wan et al 2020 , (7) Zhu et al 2005 , (8) Zhan et al 2014 , (9) Wu et al 2019 , (10) Dong et al 2020 , (11) Zhang et al 2018 , (12) Tan et al 2019 , (13) Zhang et al 2019 , (14) Wang et al 2021 , (15) Wu et al 2022 , (16) Li et al 2020a , b , (17) Zhu et al 2006 , (18) Mu et al 2022 , (19) Maxwell et al 2010 , (20) Mohler et al 2005 , (21) Zhang et al 2023 , (22) Li et al 2020a , (23) Xu et al 2010 , (24) Blanco et al 2008 , (25) Petersen et al 2015 , (26) Xue et al 2012 , (27) Zhang et al 2010 , (28) Sánchez-Martín et al 2016 , (29) Gao et al 2012 , (30) Zhang et al 2016 , (31) Hewitt et al 2021 , (32) McIntosh et al 2013 , (33) Perugini et al 2008 , (34) Tan et al 2018 , (35) Zou et al 2018 , (36) Ben-David et al 2010 , (37) Ji et al 2008 , (38) Yao et al 2007 , (39) Singrün et al 2004 , (40) Worthington et al 2014 , (41) Qiu et al 2005 , (42) Chhuneja et al 2015 , (43) Ouyang et al 2014 , (44) Han et al 2009 , (45) Luo et al 2009 , (46) Xiao et al 2013 , (47) Huang et al 2002 , (48) Lutz et al 1995 , (49) Zeller et al ...…”

“…This introgression is potentially present in the LandracePLUS panel. Many candidate Pm genes have already been described in this genomic interval, including Pm51 (Zhan et al 2014 ), Pm63 (Tan et al 2019 ), PmKN0816 (Wang et al 2021 ), PmLS5082 (Wu et al 2022 ), PmQ (Li et al 2020b ), pmYN99102 (Mu et al 2022 ) and PmCG15-009 (Zhang et al 2023 ).…”

“…Pm genes described in an overlapping genomic interval with the GWAS peak are highlighted in bold. (1) Shi et al 1998 , (2) Peusha et al 2004 , (3) Lillemo et al 2008 , (4) Tosa et al 1987 , (5) Sánchez-Martín et al 2021 , (6) Mohler et al 2013 , (7) Li et al 2019 , (8) Fu et al 2013 , (9) Komáromi et al 2016 , (10) Yu et al 2018 , (11) Xu et al 2011 , (12) Niu et al 2008 , (13) Hu et al 2008 , (14) Sun et al 2022 , (15) Wan et al 2020 , (16) Zhu et al 2005 , (17) Zhan et al 2014 , (18) Wu et al 2019 , (19) Dong et al 2020 , (20) Zhang et al 2018 , (21) Tan et al 2019 , (22) Zhang et al 2019 , (23) Wang et al 2021 , (24) Wu et al 2022 , (25) Li et al 2020a , b , (26) Zhu et al 2006 , (27) Mu et al 2022 , (28) Maxwell et al 2010 , (29) Mohler et al 2005 , (30) Zhang et al 2023 , (31) Driscoll and Bielig 1968 , (32) McIntosh et al 2013 , (33) Chao et al 2019 , (34) Xu et al 2008 , (35) Blanco et al 2008 ,(36) Petersen et al 2015 , (37) Xue et al 2012 , (38) Zhang et al 2010 , (39) Sánchez-Martín et al 2016 , (40) Gao et al 2012 , (41) Zhang et al 2016 , (42) He et al 2018 , (43) Xing et al 2018 , (44) Hao et al 2018 , (45) Hewitt et al 2021 , (46) McIntosh et al 2013 , (47) Perugini et al 2008 , (48) Tan et al 2018 , (49) Zou et al…”

A diverse panel of 755 bread wheat accessions harbors untapped genetic diversity in landraces and reveals novel genetic regions conferring powdery mildew resistance

“…This introgression is potentially present in the LandracePLUS panel. Many candidate Pm genes have already been described in this genomic interval, including Pm51 (Zhan et al 2014), Pm63 (Tan et al 2019), PmKN0816 (Wang et al 2021), PmLS5082 (Wu et al 2022), PmQ (Li et al 2020b), pmYN99102 (Mu et al 2022) and PmCG15-009 (Zhang et al 2023).…”

Combined metabolome and transcriptome reveal HmF6’H1 regulating simple coumarin accumulation against powdery mildew infection in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance

“…Disease classes are based on the occurrence of powdery mildew in H. moellendorffii and reference to the powdery mildew classification of wheat crops [ 69 ]. Disease index = ∑(disease scale × disease leaves number)/(total leaves number × maximum disease scale).…”