Characterization and heterologous expression of a PR-1 protein from traps of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes mirabilis

Buch, Franziska; Pauchet, Yannick; Rott, Matthias; Mithöfer, Axel

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.01.014

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The bacterial communities in pitchers of carnivorous plants have been studied mostly in Sarracenia or trumpet pitchers, commonly found in North America while a limited number of studies have been conducted for Nepenthes found in tropical regions. Compared to Sarracenia, the pitcher fluid in Nepenthes contained higher activity of digestive enzymes with higher concentrations of antibacterial agents making more extreme conditions for adaptation of the bacteria [9,44]. Recent studies have attempted to assess the bacterial community in cultivated Nepenthes pitchers from 16S rRNA gene sequences by using the clonal library method [26,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Bacterial Communities in Nepenthes Pitchers and Their Correlation to Species and Fluid Acidity

et al. 2016

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Pitchers are specialized digestive organs of carnivorous plants which evolved for trapping prey and represent a unique environment harboring hidden diversity of unexplored microbes forming transient hydrolytic microcosms. In this study, the diversity of bacterial communities in the pitcher fluids of seven local Nepenthes found in Thailand was assessed by tagged 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing on an Ion PGM™ platform. A total of 1,101,000 filtered sequences were obtained which were taxonomically classified into 20 phyla, 48 classes, 72 orders, 153 families, and 442 genera while the remainder (1.43 %) could not be assigned to any existing taxa. Proteobacteria represented the predominant members in closed pitchers and more diversified bacterial taxa particularly Bacteriodetes and Actinobacteria, showed increasing abundance in open pitchers containing insect bodies. Principal coordinate analysis revealed that distribution of bacterial taxa was not significantly related to the Nepenthes species but strongly correlated to the pH of the pitcher fluids (pH 1.7-6.7). Acidicella was a highly dominant bacterial genus in acidic pitcher fluids while Dyella and Mycobacterium were also common genera in most pitchers. A unique microbial community structure was found in Nepenthes ampullaria which could reflect their adaptation to digest leaf litter, in addition to insect prey. The work revealed the highly unexplored nature of bacterial microcosms in Nepenthes pitcher fluids and provides insights into their community structure in this unique ecological system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Bacterial Communities in Nepenthes Pitchers and Their Correlation to Species and Fluid Acidity

et al. 2016

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“…In addition to proteins identified in this study (Supplementary Tables 25-28), we obtained for phylogenetic analyses a number of previously published sequences of digestive fluid proteins 8,9,[72][73][74][75][76][77][78] (Supplementary Table 24). Although many protein and transcript sequences for possible digestive enzymes are available (for example, refs 17,79-84 ), we included only genes for which complete coding sequences were available and for which their presence in digestive fluid had been biochemically validated (Supplementary Table 24, last searched 20 January 2016).…”

Section: Go Enrichment Analysis Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of the pitcher plant Cephalotus reveals genetic changes associated with carnivory

et al. 2017

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Carnivorous plants exploit animals as a nutritional source and have inspired long-standing questions about the origin and evolution of carnivory-related traits. To investigate the molecular bases of carnivory, we sequenced the genome of the heterophyllous pitcher plant Cephalotus follicularis, in which we succeeded in regulating the developmental switch between carnivorous and non-carnivorous leaves. Transcriptome comparison of the two leaf types and gene repertoire analysis identified genetic changes associated with prey attraction, capture, digestion and nutrient absorption. Analysis of digestive fluid proteins from C. follicularis and three other carnivorous plants with independent carnivorous origins revealed repeated co-options of stress-responsive protein lineages coupled with convergent amino acid substitutions to acquire digestive physiology. These results imply constraints on the available routes to evolve plant carnivory.

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“…Although indirect evidence for the former are available for Nepenthes [15,16], these studies are not without criticism, and do not demonstrate unequivocally the benefit derived from microbial colonization of its pitchers. By contrast, a growing number of studies in more recent years have shown that pitcher secretions are anti-microbial, an observation that seems to point in the direction of an antagonistic relationship between plant and fluid microbes [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dipteran larvae and microbes facilitate nutrient sequestration in theNepenthes gracilispitcher plant host

et al. 2017

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The fluid-containing traps of Nepenthes carnivorous pitcher plants (Nepenthaceae) are often inhabited by organisms known as inquilines. Dipteran larvae are key components of such communities and are thought to facilitate pitcher nitrogen sequestration by converting prey protein into inorganic nitrogen, although this has never been demonstrated in Nepenthes. Pitcher fluids are also inhabited by microbes, although the relationship(s) between these and the plant is still unclear. In this study, we examined the hypothesis of digestive mutualism between N. gracilis pitchers and both dipteran larvae and fluid microbes. Using dipteran larvae, prey and fluid volumes mimicking in situ pitcher conditions, we conducted in vitro experiments and measured changes in available fluid nitrogen in response to dipteran larvae and microbe presence. We showed that the presence of dipteran larvae resulted in significantly higher and faster releases of ammonium and soluble protein into fluids in artificial pitchers, and that the presence of fluid microbes did likewise for ammonium. We showed also that niche segregation occurs between phorid and culicid larvae, with the former fragmenting prey carcasses and the latter suppressing fluid microbe levels. These results clarify the relationships between several key pitcher-dwelling organisms, and show that pitcher communities facilitate nutrient sequestration in their host.

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Characterization and heterologous expression of a PR-1 protein from traps of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes mirabilis

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative Study of Bacterial Communities in Nepenthes Pitchers and Their Correlation to Species and Fluid Acidity

Comparative Study of Bacterial Communities in Nepenthes Pitchers and Their Correlation to Species and Fluid Acidity

Genome of the pitcher plant Cephalotus reveals genetic changes associated with carnivory

Dipteran larvae and microbes facilitate nutrient sequestration in theNepenthes gracilispitcher plant host

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