“…Several studies have demonstrated that mRNA levels are up-regulated after challenge with Gram-negative [5,10,13,14,18,19] and Gram-positive [19] bacteria. About PAMPs, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, can also upregulate expression of g-type lysozyme [14,18,19]. Recently, it has been described that polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), a dsRNA that mimic viral infections, can also act as an inducer of gtype lysozyme gene expression [19].…”