Characterization and developmental expression of Xenopus proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)

Leibovici, Michel; Gusse, Michel; Bravo, Rodrigo; Méchali, Marcel

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(90)90113-w

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This size is similar to the size of the prokaryotic b subunit and thus might form a dimeric ring. Furthermore, in early Xenopus laevis oogenesis a large PCNA transcript can be detected and a 43 kDa protein was shown to crossreact with PCNA antibody (Leibovici et al, 1990). It was suggested that these putative long forms of PCNA are important for rapid chromosomal replication needed in early embryogenesis (Kelman and O'Donnell, 1995c) and/or for DNA repair (Stillman, 1996).…”

Section: The Three Dimensional Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

PCNA: structure, functions and interactions

1997

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Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an essential role in nucleic acid metabolism as a component of the replication and repair machinery. This toroidalshaped protein encircles DNA and can slide bidirectionally along the duplex. One of the wellestablished functions for PCNA is its role as the processivity factor for DNA polymerase d and e. PCNA tethers the polymerase catalytic unit to the DNA template for rapid and processive DNA synthesis. In the last several years it has become apparent that PCNA interacts with proteins involved in cell-cycle progression which are not a part of the DNA polymerase apparatus. Some of these interactions have a direct eect on DNA synthesis while the roles of several other interactions are not fully understood. This review summarizes the structural features of PCNA and describes the diverse functions played by the protein in DNA replication and repair as well as its possible role in chromatin assembly and gene transcription. The PCNA interactions with dierent cellular proteins and the importance of these interactions are also discussed.

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Section: The Three Dimensional Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

PCNA: structure, functions and interactions

1997

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“…The code for nucleotide mixes is Y = T or C; D = G, A, T, or C; and R = G or A. BamHI and Sal I restriction sites (underlined) were generated at the 5' and 3' ends of the PCR DNA products, respectively. A total Xenopus ovary cDNA library (17) (20,21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cloning and characterization of the Xenopus cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27XIC1.

Rempel

Erikson

et al. 1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We have isolated a gene encoding Xic-1, a 27-kDa cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor from Xenopus ovary that shares significant homology with both mammalian CIP1 and Kipl/Kip2. The N-and C-terminal halves of Xic-1 are sufficient for interacting with Cdks and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, respectively. Recombinant Xic-1 inhibits Xenopus cyclin E/Cdk2, cyclin A/Cdk2, and cyclin B/Cdc2 activities, although with quite different IC50 values. Truncation of the N terminus of Xic-1 increases the IC50 value for cyclin A/Cdk2 50-fold with no effect on the inhibition of cyclin E/Cdk2 or cyclin B/Cdc2. Xic-1 inhibits both single-stranded and nuclear DNA synthesis in egg extracts, an effect reversed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen or cyclin E/Cdk2, respectively. These results suggest a function for Xic-1 in the control of DNA synthesis by cyclin E/Cdk2.Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are required for a number of key cell cycle transitions and are regulated by checkpoints that ensure particular cell cycle events are initiated only with genomic integrity and after the successful completion of prior events. A form of regulation discovered recently involves Cdk inhibitor proteins (CKIs) that bind to and inhibit a wide variety of Cdk complexes (for review, see ref.

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“…Finally, we would like to point out that a second PCNA homolog may also be present in species other than carrot. Leibovici et al [27] found a longer mRNA for PCNA during oogenesis of the amphibian, Xenopus luevis. They also detected a protein of 43 kDa that cross-reacts with anti-PCNA serum.…”

Section: E P V S L T F a L R Y M N S F T K A S P L S E Q V T I S L S mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of carrot cDNA clones encoding a second putative proliferating cell‐nuclear antigen, DNA polymerase δ auxiliary protein

Hata

Kouchi

Tanaka

et al. 1992

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The proliferating cell-nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays a key role in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication. We have isolated two cross-hybridizing groups of cDNA encoding carrot homologs of PCNA. Sequence analysis and Southern-blot experiments showed that the cDNA were derived from two distinct genes. One corresponded to the typical PCNA, which is known to be highly conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to man; its mRNA is 1.2 kb in size and the calculated molecular mass of the protein is 29 kDa. The other encoded a larger PCNA homolog which has not previously been reported; the mRNA is 1.5 kb in size, the N-terminal three quarters (calculated molecular mass, 29 kDa) of the protein product is 88% identical at the amino acid level to the typical PCNA, but the protein has an extra C-terminal domain of 11 kDa. Both PCNA homologs were apparently coexpressed concomitant with somatic embryogenesis. The mRNA level of the novel homolog is 10 -20% that of the typical PCNA in the embryos. The presence of the second putative PCNA may provide new insight into studies on the mechanism of DNA replication in eukaryotes.The proliferating cell-nuclear antigen (PCNA) was originally discovered as a nuclear antigen in human proliferative cells [I]. Subsequently, it was identified as an auxiliary protein for DNA polymerase 6 [2, 31. PCNA plays an important role in eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the processibility of the polymerase 6 during elongation of the leading strand [4-61. In addition, PCNA is a highly conserved protein in widely divergent species [7]. Previously, we showed that PCNA is also present in higher plants [8, 91 and that its expression is localized to the proliferating organs [lo]. So far, it has been believed that each organism contains only one molecular species of PCNA.Somatic embryogenesis in cultured carrot cells is an attractive system for investigating the mechanism of plant cell differentiation [Ill. A number of studies on the gene-expression program of somatic embryogenesis have been carried out and several genes were reported to be induced in the process [12-141. In those studies, however, the structures and functions of the genes remained unclear. We have recently Correspondence to S. Hata, Faculty of Science, Himeji Institute of Ahhrc4ution. PCNA, proliferating cell-nuclear antigen. Enzymes. DNA polymerase 6, modified T7 DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7); restriction enzymes BcoRI, EcoT141, HindlII, PstI, XbuI (EC 3.1.21.4).Nore. The novel nucleotide sequence data published here have been deposited in the EMBL sequence data bank and are available under the accession numbers X62976 and X62977.Technology, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo, demonstrated that a mitotic cyclin gene is expressed concomitant with the embryogenesis [15].We undertook the present investigation to determine whether or not somatic embryogenesis occurs concomitant with the induction of PCNA expression. As a first step, we isolated cDNA for carrot PCNA using PCNA clones of other plants as probes. Unexpectedly, however, the cDNA formed two c...

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Characterization and developmental expression of Xenopus proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

PCNA: structure, functions and interactions

PCNA: structure, functions and interactions

Cloning and characterization of the Xenopus cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27XIC1.

Identification of carrot cDNA clones encoding a second putative proliferating cell‐nuclear antigen, DNA polymerase δ auxiliary protein

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