Characterization and comparison of shear and extensional flow of sodium hyaluronate and human synovial fluid

Bingöl, Ali Ö.; Lohmann, Derek; Püschel, Klaus; Kulicke, Werner‐Michael

doi:10.3233/bir-2010-0572

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Recently, Haward et al [5] performed rheological experiments with similar HA solutions and models of SF. In steady shear experiments using a 40 mm diameter 2° cone-and-plate geometry they observed the same kind of viscosity enhancements at low shear rates in the model SF that were previously reported by Oates et al [8], [9], but not by Bingöl et al [3]. However, in the interface-free extensional flow experiment in a cross-slot device Haward et al [5] found no observable difference between the response of the model SF and the pure HA solution.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…However, more recently Sharma et al [10] have shown that very similar effects can be observed in the rheometer due to the high surface activity of serum proteins and the resulting formation of a cohesive layer at the air interface of the rheometer geometry. In a 60 mm diameter 1° cone-and-plate geometry, Bingöl et al [3] found negligible difference between either the shear or extensional rheological properties of pure HA solutions and models of synovial fluid. Furthermore, Bingöl et al [3] found that the rheology of native human synovial fluid was very well approximated by a solution of 0.3 wt.% of high molecular weight HA (M W = 4.6 MDa) with no added protein and they concluded that the SF rheological properties could be almost exclusively attributed to the HA alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a 60 mm diameter 1° cone-and-plate geometry, Bingöl et al [3] found negligible difference between either the shear or extensional rheological properties of pure HA solutions and models of synovial fluid. Furthermore, Bingöl et al [3] found that the rheology of native human synovial fluid was very well approximated by a solution of 0.3 wt.% of high molecular weight HA (M W = 4.6 MDa) with no added protein and they concluded that the SF rheological properties could be almost exclusively attributed to the HA alone. Recently, Haward et al [5] performed rheological experiments with similar HA solutions and models of SF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In particular, the rheology of SF, which is highly shear-thinning and viscoelastic [1]–[3], contributes to the low friction between joint surfaces undergoing flexion. Extensional rheological measurements have also shown that SF is significantly strain-hardening under elongational deformations [3], which is likely to provide shock-dampening when joints experience sudden compressive loading, as occurs in the knees during running and jumping for example [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, to investigate the influence of protein-HA interactions, SF samples are treated with the trypsin enzyme in order to digest the protein content while leaving the HA macromolecules intact. This approach to investigating protein-HA interactions in the SF has the significant advantage over comparing pure HA solutions with models of synovial fluid (as in the works of Bingöl et al [3], Haward et al [5] and Oates et al [8], [9]) in that the undigested SF contains all the serum proteins and the lubricin, all of which are potentially implicated in the fluid rheology. The results of the study will be of significance to the validity of synovial fluid HA analysis, either by microfluidic or by other techniques where the SF is first diluted (for example GPC), and will also provide insight into the nature of intermolecular interactions between the various proteins and HA components of synovial fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synovial Fluid Response to Extensional Flow: Effects of Dilution and Intermolecular Interactions

Haward

2014

PLoS ONE

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In this study, a microfluidic cross-slot device is used to examine the extensional flow response of diluted porcine synovial fluid (PSF) samples using flow-induced birefringence (FIB) measurements. The PSF sample is diluted to 10× 20× and 30× its original mass in a phosphate-buffered saline and its FIB response measured as a function of the strain rate at the stagnation point of the cross-slots. Equivalent experiments are also carried out using trypsin-treated PSF (t-PSF) in which the protein content is digested away using an enzyme. The results show that, at the synovial fluid concentrations tested, the protein content plays a negligible role in either the fluid's bulk shear or extensional flow behaviour. This helps support the validity of the analysis of synovial fluid HA content, either by microfluidic or by other techniques where the synovial fluid is first diluted, and suggests that the HA and protein content in synovial fluid must be higher than a certain minimum threshold concentration before HA-protein or protein-protein interactions become significant. However a systematic shift in the FIB response as the PSF and t-PSF samples are progressively diluted indicates that HA-HA interactions remain significant at the concentrations tested. These interactions influence FIB-derived macromolecular parameters such as the relaxation time and the molecular weight distribution and therefore must be minimized for the best validity of this method as an analytical technique, in which non-interaction between molecules is assumed.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synovial Fluid Response to Extensional Flow: Effects of Dilution and Intermolecular Interactions

Haward

2014

PLoS ONE

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Characterization of hyaluronic acid and synovial fluid in stagnation point elongational flow

Haward

2013

Biopolymers

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Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an important biomacromolecule, which fulfils a number of vital physiological functions (especially in the joint synovial fluid) and also has consumer and pharmaceutical applications. HA solution properties have already been quite thoroughly characterized in response to steady shear flows but are less well understood in highly deforming extensional flows. In this study, flow-induced birefringence measurements are made as a function of the strain rate in planar elongational flow at the stagnation point of a cross-slot device using HA solutions of a range of molecular weights (0.9×10(6) g mol(-1)≤Mw≤4.8×10(6) g mol(-1)) and at dilute concentrations. The results provide macromolecular relaxation times, molecular weight distributions and the extensional viscosities and Trouton ratios of the fluids. The HA relaxation time is found to vary as τ∼Mw1.8, which is consistent with a partially solvated, expanded coil. An intrinsic Trouton ratio is defined, which varies as [Tr]∼Mw2. The measurement of birefringence with strain rate is shown to be highly sensitive to the molecular weight distribution and can resolve subtle changes due to macromolecular degradation and the presence of fracture products. Mechanical degradation experiments in the cross-slots indicate midchain scission of HA macromolecules, strongly suggesting near full extension of the high-molecular weight fraction in the stagnation point extensional flow field. Taken together the results suggest a possible method for analysis of the HA in synovial fluid, and this concept is tested using synovial fluid obtained from porcine tarsal joint.

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Potential for supraphysiologic fluid shear stresses in a rat cemented knee replacement model

Miller

Hardy

Oest

et al. 2022

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The mechano-biologic environment associated with aseptic loosening of cemented joint replacements is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to use a preclinical rat knee arthroplasty model to explore the changes in cement−bone morphology and micromotion that occur with in vivo service. Narrow gaps between cement and bone under the tibial tray were present at early time points, and with even small magnitude micromotion, resulted in large micromotion-to-gap width ratios. These data were then used to develop models of fluid flow in the cement−bone gaps to estimate potential for high fluid shear stress (FSS). Modeling results revealed supraphysiologic (>4 Pa) FSS were possible, particularly for cases in which eccentric loading applied to the implant and if the fluid in the gap consisted of marrow or synovial fluid. The early, high FSS environment, could cause fluid-induced periprosthetic osteolysis locally, resulting in progressive loss of cement−bone fixation.

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Characterization and comparison of shear and extensional flow of sodium hyaluronate and human synovial fluid

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Synovial Fluid Response to Extensional Flow: Effects of Dilution and Intermolecular Interactions

Synovial Fluid Response to Extensional Flow: Effects of Dilution and Intermolecular Interactions

Characterization of hyaluronic acid and synovial fluid in stagnation point elongational flow

Potential for supraphysiologic fluid shear stresses in a rat cemented knee replacement model

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