Characterization and assessment of Saudi clays raw material at different area

Mohsen, Q.; El‐Maghraby, A. A.

doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2010.06.015

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The relatively high intensity of the quartz peaks in the clay samples indicates a significant presence of the free silica. These results are in agreement with those reported in the literature [24,26]. The acid treated clay mineral is less ordered than the raw clay, as it is indicated by the shape of peaks in XRD range 20-25 o (2θ) [27].…”

Section: Ft-ir Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Gas Phase Oligomerization of Isobutene over Acid Treated Kaolinite Clay Catalyst

Al-Dhayan

Aouissi

2016

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Natural Kaolin Clay was calcined and treated by sulfuric acid. The resulting solid acid catalyst was characterized by FTIR, TGA, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and tested for isobutene oligomerization in a gas phase. The characterization results showed that the acid treated clay underwent chemical and structural transformations. After acid treatment, the Si/Al ratio was increased, and the crystalline raw clay became amorphous. The effects of various parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time and contact time on isobutene oligomerization were investigated. Catalytic tests showed that isobutene oligomerization led to dimers and trimers as major products. Tetramers were obtained as byproducts. At relatively high reaction temperatures and long contact times, the conversion was enhanced while the selectivity of dimers was decreased in favor of higher oligomers.

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Section: Ft-ir Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…X-ray powder diffraction Figure 2 presents the XRD patterns of the clay before and after acid treatment. Both clay samples showed kaolinite as well as illite phases as clay minerals, and quartz as impurity [24]. The major peaks are associated to kaolinite (K) whereas the minor peaks are associated to quartz (Q) and illite (I).…”

Section: Ft-ir Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Phase Oligomerization of Isobutene over Acid Treated Kaolinite Clay Catalyst

Al-Dhayan

Aouissi

2016

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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“…In addition, decreasing SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 mass ratio leads to smaller loss of ignition (L.O.I. )(Mohsen and El-maghraby, 2010). As can be seen inFig.…”

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confidence: 87%

The potential use of HNO 3 -treated clinoptilolite in the preparation of Pt/CeO 2 -Clinoptilolite nanostructured catalyst used in toluene abatement from waste gas stream at low temperature

Amereh

Haghighi

Estifaee

2018

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

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In this paper, CeO 2 (30%)/Clinoptilolite was synthesized via HNO 3 treatment and coprecipitation methods and then 1% Pt was dispersed over support by ultrasound assisted wet impregnation. The synthesized samples were characterized using XRF, XRD, FESEM, N 2 adsorption and FTIR techniques. The obtained results from XRD revealed the main phase in utilized clay is clinoptilolite and also formation of amorphous structure was proved after acid treatment. FESEM micrographs confirmed significant structural changes in clinoptilolite after acid treatment and also formation of ceria nanoparticles. N 2 adsorption presented large enough surface area for Pt/CeO 2 -Clinoptilolite nanostructured catalyst to be used for toluene oxidation. Finally, activity results indicated that synthesized nanostructured catalyst was highly active and stable and could eliminate more than 90% of toluene at 130°C. Utilizing inexpensive materials in synthesis and assisting ultrasound in dispersion of active phase have made Pt(1%)/CeO 2 (30%)-Clinoptilolite a nominee to be used for catalytic oxidation of toluene. ª 2015 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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“…The OH bands were observed at 3696 and 3619 cm -1 , whereas there was Al-O bending at 913 cm -1 which could be linked to the presence of aluminosilicate mineral. 21 It has been reported that pure kaolinite exhibits two peaks at 797 and 750 cm -1 and a well crystallized kaolinite exhibits two sharp peaks at 3690 and 3620 cm -1 . 22 Furthermore, FTIR spectra obtained for cosmetic products (Fig.…”

Section: Functional Group Analysis Of Clay and Cosmetic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical characterization and In vitro evaluation of the sun protection factor of cosmetic products made from natural clay material

Madikizela¹,

Nkwentsha²,

Mlunguza³

et al. 2017

S.Afr.j.chem.

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Clay has been widely used as photo protectants in rural places of South Africa. Recently, there are wide range of products which are marketed in South Africa as clay cosmetics which are used for photo protection. In this work, in vitro determination of the sun protection factor (SPF) of newly formulated cosmetics produced from natural clay material from the Bizana region in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa was performed by spectrophotometric means. The SPF values found for clay material, face cream, foundation, face mask and scrub were 1.18, 18.33, 13.71, 6.74 and 9.53, respectively. The same materials were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Based on FTIR, XRD, XRF and SEM-EDS results, kaolinite, goethite and quartz were the major minerals found in the clay. Toxic elements such as mercury and cadmium were not detected during ICP analysis; however, traces of lead (0.72-2.14 mg kg -1 ) and arsenic (0.49-0.69 mg kg -1 ) were found in cosmetic products. The results obtained in this study indicate that the cosmetic products manufactured from clay have sun protection ability. KEYWORDSSun protection factor, cosmetic products, natural clay material.

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Characterization and assessment of Saudi clays raw material at different area

Cited by 51 publications

References 12 publications

Gas Phase Oligomerization of Isobutene over Acid Treated Kaolinite Clay Catalyst

Gas Phase Oligomerization of Isobutene over Acid Treated Kaolinite Clay Catalyst

The potential use of HNO 3 -treated clinoptilolite in the preparation of Pt/CeO 2 -Clinoptilolite nanostructured catalyst used in toluene abatement from waste gas stream at low temperature

Physicochemical characterization and In vitro evaluation of the sun protection factor of cosmetic products made from natural clay material

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