Characterization and analysis of weld lines on micro-injection moulded parts using atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Tosello, Guido; Gava, Alberto; Hansen, Hans Nørgaard; Lucchetta, Giovanni; Marinello, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2008.04.077

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The amplitude of the oscillation when the tip was in contact with the PSA surface was kept just below the free amplitude, which was typically 295 nm, in order to image the PSA surface in ''soft-tapping'' conditions to minimize indentation [8,20,21] and damage to the surface. A simultaneously generated phase image provided information on the energy dissipation between the tip and the sample surface [8,22]. Dark regions in the phase images represented greater energy dissipation between the tip and cantilever.…”

Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm) Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nanomechanical properties of each of the commercial PSA were investigated by using the same AFM in force spectroscopy (AFM-FS) mode in order to create property maps of adhesive force and adhesion energy of the PSAs [8]. The AFM E. Canetta, A.K.…”

Section: Afm Force Mapping (Afm-fm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atomic force microscopy [2] has recently emerged as a possible useful tool for surface characterisation of a variety of materials through the analysis of their morphology and mechanical properties. Amongst various other materials, such as hair [3], body fluids [4], documents [5], textile fibres [6,7], and polymers [8], pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) [9][10][11] are also encountered in forensic investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic force microscopic investigation of commercial pressure sensitive adhesives for forensic analysis

Canetta

Adya

2011

Forensic Science International

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Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), such as those used in packaging and adhesive tapes, are very often encountered in forensic investigations. In criminal activities, packaging tapes may be used for sealing packets containing drugs, explosive devices, or questioned documents, while adhesive and electrical tapes are used occasionally in kidnapping cases. In this work, the potential of using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in both imaging and force mapping (FM) modes to derive additional analytical information from PSAs is demonstrated. AFM has been used to illustrate differences in the ultrastructural and nanomechanical properties of three visually distinguishable commercial PSAs to first test the feasibility of using this technique. Subsequently, AFM was used to detect nanoscopic differences between three visually indistinguishable PSAs.

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Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm) Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Afm Force Mapping (Afm-fm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic force microscopic investigation of commercial pressure sensitive adhesives for forensic analysis

Canetta

Adya

2011

Forensic Science International

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“…Many studies have investigated the effect of injectionmolding parameters on the weldline formation and the relevant strength degradation [4][5][6]. Among various process parameters, the mold temperature is known as the most important in reducing weldline [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various process parameters, the mold temperature is known as the most important in reducing weldline [6]. That is, weldlines can be greatly reduced by increasing mold temperature as high as the glass transition temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating weldlines of an injection-molded part with the aid of high-frequency induction heating

2010

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High-frequency induction is an efficient way to heat mold surface by non-contact electromagnetic induction. It has been recently applied to injection molding because of its capability to heat and cool mold surface rapidly. This study applies high-frequency induction heating to eliminate weldlines in an injection-molded plastic part. To eliminate or reduce weldlines, the mold temperature at the corresponding weld locations should be maintained higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin material. Through 3 s of induction heating, the maximum temperature of 143 °C is obtained on the mold surface around the elliptic coil, while the temperature of the mold plate is lower than 60 °C. An injection molding experiment is then performed with the aid of induction heating, and the effect of induction heating conditions on the surface appearance of the weldline is investigated. The weldline on the heated region is almost eliminated, from which we can obtain the good surface appearance of the part.

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Potential of Conformal Cooling Channels in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding: A Review

et al. 2013

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Rapid heat cycle molding (RHCM) can eliminate the weld line, increase flow length, and improve surface quality of the molded parts. However, the cycle time is much longer as compared to the conventional injection-molding process due to the time taken to heat up and cool down the mold. This paper reviews the applications of conformal cooling channels to reduce the cycle time in rapid and hard tooling for the conventional injection-molding process. The performance of conformal cooling channels in reducing the cycle time has been proven; however, the full potential of conformal cooling channels in RHCM is yet to be explored. fects on the plastic parts such as paintings is a renowned solution by manufacturers. However, this method requires additional secondary processes and definitely increases the costs. In addition, the painting process also contaminates the environment and sometimes harmful to the operators. Weld line is one of the defects that totally impairs on cosmetic appearances of plastic products. It normally appears like scuffing on surface of parts and forms when the parts have a hole or intricate shapes that require more than one gate.

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Characterization and analysis of weld lines on micro-injection moulded parts using atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Cited by 34 publications

References 3 publications

Atomic force microscopic investigation of commercial pressure sensitive adhesives for forensic analysis

Atomic force microscopic investigation of commercial pressure sensitive adhesives for forensic analysis

Eliminating weldlines of an injection-molded part with the aid of high-frequency induction heating

Potential of Conformal Cooling Channels in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding: A Review

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