Characterization and analysis of non-ionic surfactants by supercritical fluid chromatography combined with ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry

Ma, Qiang; Zhang, Yun; Zhai, Junfeng; Chen, Xi; Du, Zhenxia; Li, Wentao; Bai, Hua

doi:10.1007/s00216-019-01777-3

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC)/MS has been used to analyze components of polysorbates, such as the PEG mono‐ and diesters, in addition to the polysorbates themselves . SFC/MS operates in a manner similar to LC/MS with the replacement of the conventional liquid mobile phase of LC with supercritical CO 2 .…”

Section: Results and Discussion By Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…SFC/MS operates in a manner similar to LC/MS with the replacement of the conventional liquid mobile phase of LC with supercritical CO 2 . The supercritical fluid typically also contains a modifier such as methanol, where an increase in the concentration of the modifier is analogous to an increase in solvent strength in HPLC. In published methods the SFC/MS analysis of polysorbates is able to chromatographically separate the non‐esterified species very efficiently while not resolving the esterified material.…”

Section: Results and Discussion By Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges in polysorbate characterization by mass spectrometry

Penfield¹,

Rumbelow²

2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Polysorbates are used in a variety of applications over a wide range of markets. Simple in concept, these products are complex in actual composition. Mass spectrometry and related techniques have been effectively used to characterize these products, from the major components to the minor residual production byproducts and degradation species. In this paper we review the use of MALDI‐MS, LC/MS, GC/MS, and SFC/MS in the analysis of these materials. The wealth of information provided by MALDI is presented, using Polysorbate 60 as an example. Limitations are described, with the impact of matrix selection and cationization agent demonstrated. Furthermore, unique challenges of MALDI analysis of Polysorbate 80 are shown. Polysorbates have been extensively analyzed, especially by the biopharmaceutical industry, to better understand the impact of various grades of purity and manufacture on the stability of formulations. Using Polysorbate 80 as an example, we illustrate some of the more advanced techniques used to more fully characterize these complex molecules using high‐resolution LC/MS and LC/MS/MS. Finally, the use of other techniques (such as GC/MS and SFC/MS) is briefly reviewed.

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Section: Results and Discussion By Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussion By Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in polysorbate characterization by mass spectrometry

Penfield¹,

Rumbelow²

2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Recent advances in the analysis of surfactants include the use of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) to separate and identify surfactants (Ma et al 2019 ). A fluid at a critical point (i.e.…”

Section: Analysis Of Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risks and toxicity of surfactants: overview of analysis, assessment, and remediation techniques

Badmus

Amusa

Oyehan

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

164

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This work comprehensively reviewed the toxicity and risks of various surfactants and their degraded products in the environmental matrices, various analytical procedures, and remediation methods for these surfactants. The findings revealed that the elevated concentration of surfactants and their degraded products disrupt microbial dynamics and their important biogeochemical processes, hinder plant-surviving processes and their ecological niche, and retard the human organic and systemic functionalities. The enormous adverse effects of surfactants on health and the environment necessitate the need to develop, select, and advance the various analytical and assessment techniques to achieve effective identification and quantification of several surfactants in different environmental matrices. Considering the presence of surfactants in trace concentration and environmental matrices, excellent analysis can only be achieved with appropriate extraction, purification, and preconcentration. Despite these pre-treatment procedures, the chromatographic technique is the preferred analytical technique considering its advancement and shortcomings of other techniques. In the literature, the choice or selection of remediation techniques for surfactants depends largely on eco-friendliness, cost-implications, energy requirements, regeneration potential, and generated sludge composition and volume. Hence, the applications of foam fractionation, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes, thermophilic aerobic membranes reactors, and advanced adsorbents are impressive in the clean-up of the surfactants in the environment. This article presents a compendium of knowledge on environmental toxicity and risks, analytical techniques, and remediation methods of surfactants as a guide for policymakers and researchers.

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“…Such three-dimensional analysis has been performed on APEOs via SFC-IM-MS, resulting in increased resolution and peak identification. 33 In the present study, UPLC, IM separation, high-resolution MS detection, and subsequent tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis via collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) are interfaced to carry out the first four-dimensional UPLC-IM-MS/MS characterization of a complex polymeric nonionic surfactant mixture. The product investigated is Chemonic CCG-6.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry of Multicomponent Nonionic Surfactant Blends

2021

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Ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and ion mobility (IM) spectrometry were interfaced with mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to characterize a complex nonionic surfactant mixture. The surfactant was composed of a glycerol core, functionalized with poly(ethylene oxide) units (PEO n ) that were partially esterified by caprylic and/or capric acid. Reversed-phase UPLC classified the blend based on polarity into four groups of eluates, corresponding to compounds with zero, one, two, or three fatty acid residues. Additional separation within each eluate group was achieved according to the length of the fatty acid chains. Coeluting molecules of similar polarity were dispersed in the gas phase by their collision cross section in the IM dimension. Performed in series, UPLC and IM allowed for the separation and detection of several isomeric and isobaric blend constituents, thereby enabling their isolation for conclusive MS/MS analysis to confirm or elucidate their primary structures and architectures (overall four-dimensional, 4D, characterization).

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Characterization and analysis of non-ionic surfactants by supercritical fluid chromatography combined with ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Challenges in polysorbate characterization by mass spectrometry

Challenges in polysorbate characterization by mass spectrometry

Environmental risks and toxicity of surfactants: overview of analysis, assessment, and remediation techniques

Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry of Multicomponent Nonionic Surfactant Blends

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