Characterization an wooden Pietà sculpture from the XVIII century using XRF and microct techniques

Sanches, Francis Anna Cardoso Reis de Almeida; Nardes, Raysa C.; Santos, Ramon Silva dos; Filho, Hamilton S. Gama; Machado, Alessandra Silveira; Leitão, Roberta G.; Leitão, Catarine C.G.; Calgam, Teresa E.; Bueno, Regina; Assis, Joaquim T. de; Oliveira, Davi F.; Lopes, Ricardo Tadeu; Anjos, M.J.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110556

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Analytical methods employed in heritage science for the analysis of materials and production techniques are a well-established research field, demanding high performance, non-invasive, non-destructive and portable instruments [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. These qualities can be found in the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) technique, and for this reason it is one of the most employed analytical methods in heritage science, as indeed it allows relatively fast multielemental, non-invasive, non-destructive and in situ analyses [8][9][10]. Nowadays, modern instruments upgrade the considerable potentiality of this method by means of scanning equipment, yielding elemental distribution maps of a selected area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Preventive Analysis in Heritage Science: MA-XRF Supporting the Restoration of Madonna with Child by Mantegna

Mazzinghi

Castelli²,

Giambi

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The Madonna with Child by Andrea Mantegna owned by the Museo Poldi Pezzoli in Milan is painted on canvas with an unusual distemper technique. During the period of 1863–1865, the painting was restored by Giuseppe Molteni. The identification of potential retouchings by Molteni, possibly covering part of the original layer, was the object of this work carried at the Opificio delle Pietre Dure. To evaluate the extent of both Molteni’s intervention and Mantegna’s original layer, the MA-XRF spectrometer developed by CHNet-INFN was used to discriminate between the two paint layers and identify the materials and the extension of both “artists”. Indeed, the elemental maps showed that Molteni’s work entirely covered the mantle of the Virgin, even changing the fold of the draperies and enriching the red robe with shell gold highlights, giving a different appearance to the painting. Moreover, MA-XRF also revealed that the original Mantegna was still mostly intact underneath Molteni’s layer, thereby providing a decisive guide for conservation works. These results indeed formed the basis for the technical decision to remove the varnish and Molteni’s version, unveiling the original Mantegna. A second MA-XRF campaign was then carried out to fully characterise the materials of this unusual painting technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Preventive Analysis in Heritage Science: MA-XRF Supporting the Restoration of Madonna with Child by Mantegna

Mazzinghi

Castelli²,

Giambi

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…Due to these characteristics, it is mainly used in the field of cultural heritage [24,25] where preservation and integrity of an artwork are the main requirements. Knowledge of the elemental composition of a sample is useful in discerning original from restored regions and in supporting decisions on intervention treatments [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Multispectral Imaging and XRF Analysis to Examine San Patroba predica ai fedeli di Pozzuoli by Massimo Stanzione

Brocchieri,

Scialla,

Merolle

et al. 2023

QuBS

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A diagnostic analysis of the painting depicting San Patroba che predica ai fedeli di Pozzuoli by Massimo Stanzione was carried out. The painting was completed in 1635–1637 to decorate the choir of the Cathedral of Saint Procolo in Pozzuoli (Naples, Italy). The technique of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and multispectral imaging were applied on site to learn about the executive technique, the palette of the painting, and the restoration works, as well as understand the influence of the other painters active in Naples in that period. The results of the research are presented and discussed to draw general aspects and peculiarities of the pigments and the pictorial technique used by this important painter, as well as the restorations.

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Analysis of a wooden statue by non‐destructive X‐ray techniques

Oliveira

Paula

Gonçalves³

et al. 2023

X-Ray Spectrometry

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In this study, the characterization of the “Santa Luzia” statue was carried out through three non‐destructive X‐ray techniques: X‐ray Fluorescence (XRF), Digital Radiography (DR), and Computed Tomography (CT). The wooden statue dates from the 18th century. It was carved in Portugal and is currently located at the Santa Luzia church—one of the oldest churches built in Rio de Janeiro. The portable XRF system used in this study is composed of an Ag target X‐ray tube and an silicon drift detector detector with energy resolution of 122 eV at 5.9 keV. Several spectra were obtained in different regions of the statue. For the DR and CT evaluations, a portable 120 kV X‐ray tube and a 410 × 410 mm a‐Si flat panel detector with a pixel size of 200 μm were used. Individual radiographs of the parts of the statue were acquired and merged into a single image, in order to show its complete radiography. Finally, the CT images of the head of the statue were taken in angular steps of 2 degrees and, after the reconstruction process, the data were analyzed by means of appropriate software. The elements found in the XRF analysis suggest the presence of the pigments lead white, red lead, zinc white, titanium white, vermilion and emerald green. All of them are in accordance with the pigments used by the artists during the statue's historical period. The 3 exceptions were the zinc white and titanium white pigments, which may be an evidence of modern interventions, and the emerald green pigment, which appears to be a repainting of the green region. The radiographic images showed the manufacturing process of the statue, as well as its structural condition. The assembling of wooden blocks, the presence and type of nails and spikes, and regions of different densities were found in the analysis. In the statue's head, the joining of the face with the main part of the statue is clearly visible, and also the hollow glass eye. The CT analysis was able to better detail this section as a spherical cavity in the central part of the head, as well as the presence of a high‐density fragment inside the hole for the fixation of the aureole. The type of glass eye was identified as blown‐glass eye, which is commonly used in devotional statues.

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Characterization an wooden Pietà sculpture from the XVIII century using XRF and microct techniques

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

The Importance of Preventive Analysis in Heritage Science: MA-XRF Supporting the Restoration of Madonna with Child by Mantegna

The Importance of Preventive Analysis in Heritage Science: MA-XRF Supporting the Restoration of Madonna with Child by Mantegna

Combining Multispectral Imaging and XRF Analysis to Examine San Patroba predica ai fedeli di Pozzuoli by Massimo Stanzione

Analysis of a wooden statue by non‐destructive X‐ray techniques

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