Characteristics of wood CO2 efflux in a Bornean tropical rainforest

Katayama, Ayumi; Kume, Tomonori; Ohashi, Mizue; Matsumoto, Kazuho; Nakagawa, Michiko; Saito, Takami; Kumagai, Tomo’omi; Otsuki, Kyoichi

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.01.140

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The tropical rainforests of Borneo exhibit little seasonality in temperature and rainfall [14] and have a large biomass with a high stand density of large trees [15]. Although the characteristics of carbon cycling in these forests have been reported recently [5,16], few studies have investigated belowground carbon cycling of these habitats compared to the Neotropics [17]. Previous studies found that large quantities of carbon were allocated belowground in a tropical rainforest of Borneo [18,19], suggesting high FRP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Fine Root Production from Ingrowth Cores and Decomposed Roots in a Bornean Tropical Rainforest

Katayama

Kho

Makita

et al. 2019

Forests

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Research highlights: Estimates of fine root production using ingrowth cores are strongly influenced by decomposed roots in the cores during the incubation period and should be accounted for when calculating fine root production (FRP). Background and Objectives: The ingrowth core method is often used to estimate fine root production; however, decomposed roots are often overlooked in estimates of FRP. Uncertainty remains on how long ingrowth cores should be installed and how FRP should be calculated in tropical forests. Here, we aimed to estimate FRP by taking decomposed fine roots into consideration. Specifically, we compared FRP estimates at different sampling intervals and using different calculation methods in a tropical rainforest in Borneo. Materials and Methods: Ingrowth cores were installed with root litter bags and collected after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. FRP was estimated based on (1) the difference in biomass at different sampling times (differential method) and (2) sampled biomass at just one sampling time (simple method). Results: Using the differential method, FRP was estimated at 447.4 ± 67.4 g m−2 year−1 after 12 months, with decomposed fine roots accounting for 25% of FRP. Using the simple method, FRP was slightly higher than that in the differential method after 12 months (516.3 ± 45.0 g m−2 year−1). FRP estimates for both calculation methods using data obtained in the first half of the year were much higher than those using data after 12-months of installation, because of the rapid increase in fine root biomass and necromass after installation. Conclusions: Therefore, FRP estimates vary with the timing of sampling, calculation method and presence of decomposed roots. Overall, the ratio of net primary production (NPP) of fine roots to total NPP in this study was higher than that previously reported in the Neotropics, indicating high belowground carbon allocation in this forest.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Fine Root Production from Ingrowth Cores and Decomposed Roots in a Bornean Tropical Rainforest

Katayama

Kho

Makita

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…2008 , Etzold et al. 2013 , Hilman and Angert 2016 , Katayama et al. 2016 , Brändle and Kunert 2019 ) and then often assumed equal, or at least proportional, to the rate of actual respiration in the underlying tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost chamber design for simultaneous CO2 and O2 flux measurements between tree stems and the atmosphere

et al. 2021

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Tree stem CO2 efflux is an important component of ecosystem carbon fluxes and has been the focus of many studies. While CO2 efflux can easily be measured, a growing number of studies have shown that it is not identical with actual in situ respiration. Complementing measurements of CO2 flux with simultaneous measurements of O2 flux provides an additional proxy for respiration, and the combination of both fluxes can potentially help getting closer to actual measures of respiratory fluxes. To date, however, the technical challenge to measure relatively small changes in O2 concentration against its high atmospheric background has prevented routine O2 measurements in field applications. Here we present a new and low-cost field-tested device for autonomous real-time and quasi-continuous long-term measurements of stem respiration by combining CO2 (NDIR based) and O2 (quenching based) sensors in a tree stem chamber. Our device operates as a cyclic closed system and measures changes in both CO2 and O2 concentration within the chamber over time. The device is battery-powered with a > 1 week power independence and data acquisition is conveniently achieved by an internal logger. Results from both field and laboratory tests document that our sensors provide reproducible measurements of CO2 and O2 exchange fluxes under varying environmental conditions.

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“…The respiration from the stem and branch material within this woody pool has been estimated to account for 13–25% of total ecosystem respiration (Chambers et al ., ; Cavaleri et al ., ; Malhi et al ., ) and 12–27% of gross primary productivity (Ryan et al ., ; Chambers et al ., ; Malhi et al ., ; Doughty et al ., ). However estimates of stem CO 2 efflux (CO 2_stem ) remain highly uncertain in tropical forests, as only a handful of studies of CO 2_stem exist (Ryan et al ., ; Meir & Grace, ; Malhi et al ., , ; Robertson et al ., ; Angert et al ., ; Katayama et al ., , ). Consequently, substantial inconsistency exists amongst studies concerning how CO 2_stem in tropical forests changes with tree height (Cavaleri et al ., ; Katayama et al ., , ), with season (Cavaleri et al ., ; Stahl et al ., ) and across environmental gradients (Robertson et al ., ), and how CO 2_stem scales with tree size and growth rate (Meir & Grace, ; Cavaleri et al ., ; Katayama et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However estimates of stem CO 2 efflux (CO 2_stem ) remain highly uncertain in tropical forests, as only a handful of studies of CO 2_stem exist (Ryan et al ., ; Meir & Grace, ; Malhi et al ., , ; Robertson et al ., ; Angert et al ., ; Katayama et al ., , ). Consequently, substantial inconsistency exists amongst studies concerning how CO 2_stem in tropical forests changes with tree height (Cavaleri et al ., ; Katayama et al ., , ), with season (Cavaleri et al ., ; Stahl et al ., ) and across environmental gradients (Robertson et al ., ), and how CO 2_stem scales with tree size and growth rate (Meir & Grace, ; Cavaleri et al ., ; Katayama et al ., ). Given the concern over tropical forests shifting from a global sink to a source of carbon as the climate changes (Lenton, ; Davidson et al ., ; Brienen et al ., ; Doughty et al ., ), understanding how CO 2_stem varies with environmental change and how we calculate fluxes at ecosystem scales is becoming increasingly important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought stress and tree size determine stem CO₂ efflux in a tropical forest

et al. 2018

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Summary CO 2 efflux from stems (CO 2_stem) accounts for a substantial fraction of tropical forest gross primary productivity, but the climate sensitivity of this flux remains poorly understood.We present a study of tropical forest CO 2_stem from 215 trees across wet and dry seasons, at the world's longest running tropical forest drought experiment site.We show a 27% increase in wet season CO 2_stem in the droughted forest relative to a control forest. This was driven by increasing CO 2_stem in trees 10–40 cm diameter. Furthermore, we show that drought increases the proportion of maintenance to growth respiration in trees > 20 cm diameter, including large increases in maintenance respiration in the largest droughted trees, > 40 cm diameter. However, we found no clear taxonomic influence on CO 2_stem and were unable to accurately predict how drought sensitivity altered ecosystem scale CO 2_stem, due to substantial uncertainty introduced by contrasting methods previously employed to scale CO 2_stem fluxes.Our findings indicate that under future scenarios of elevated drought, increases in CO 2_stem may augment carbon losses, weakening or potentially reversing the tropical forest carbon sink. However, due to substantial uncertainties in scaling CO 2_stem fluxes, stand‐scale future estimates of changes in stem CO 2 emissions remain highly uncertain.

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Characteristics of wood CO2 efflux in a Bornean tropical rainforest

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Estimating Fine Root Production from Ingrowth Cores and Decomposed Roots in a Bornean Tropical Rainforest

Estimating Fine Root Production from Ingrowth Cores and Decomposed Roots in a Bornean Tropical Rainforest

Low-cost chamber design for simultaneous CO2 and O2 flux measurements between tree stems and the atmosphere

Drought stress and tree size determine stem CO₂ efflux in a tropical forest

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Characteristics of wood CO2 efflux in a Bornean tropical rainforest

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Estimating Fine Root Production from Ingrowth Cores and Decomposed Roots in a Bornean Tropical Rainforest

Estimating Fine Root Production from Ingrowth Cores and Decomposed Roots in a Bornean Tropical Rainforest

Low-cost chamber design for simultaneous CO2 and O2 flux measurements between tree stems and the atmosphere

Drought stress and tree size determine stem CO2 efflux in a tropical forest

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Drought stress and tree size determine stem CO₂ efflux in a tropical forest