Characteristics of White Pigments Used in Jiho Oh and Bonung Gu’s Paintings Produced in Modern and Contemporary Period

Kim, Jung Heum; Kim, Hwan Ju; Park, Hye Sun; Lim, Sung Jin

doi:10.12654/jcs.2017.33.5.06

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…품의 경우 바탕칠층에 징크 화이트를 단독으로 사용하였 다(Kim et al, 2017). 이를 통해 진도 쌍계사 벽화는 일반 적인 조선시대 사찰벽화와 다르게 마감층 위에 징크 화이 트로 바탕칠층을 조성한 것으로 추정된다.…”

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Study on the Characteristics of Materials and Manufacturing Techniques for the Mural Paintings in Daeunjeon at Ssanggyesa Temple, Jindo

Lee¹,

Yu²,

Lee³

2021

J. Conserv. Sci

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This study identifies the structure and material characteristics of the mural paintings in Daeungjeon at Ssanggyesa temple in Jindo by conducting scientific research and analysis including microscope examination, SEM-EDS, XRD, particle size analysis, and others. According to the analyses, the murals were considered to be of a typical soil mural style for Korean Buddhist murals, given that the walls were made of sand and soil and the murals had layers consisting of wall layers and a finishing layer. However, some finishing layer used calcite, while some ground layer used zinc white beneath the thick paint. In addition, there were similar features to those found on the surfaces of oil paintings such as cracks along with the paint layer, high gloss on surfaces, and thick brush strokes in many areas. It was found that the walls on which the murals were painted were made of soil but that the paint layer was created based on the oil painting technique using drying oil. It determined that the murals were painted in a unique painting style that is rarely found in other typical Buddhist murals in Korea.

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Study on the Characteristics of Materials and Manufacturing Techniques for the Mural Paintings in Daeunjeon at Ssanggyesa Temple, Jindo

Lee¹,

Yu²,

Lee³

2021

J. Conserv. Sci

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Date estimation of fabrication and repair of Color garments encouragement banner

Pak,

An,

Yun

2024

Fash Text

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The Color Garments Encouragement Banner was designated a Korean Heritage in 2014 to recognize it as the most significant object of the color garments encouragement campaign. However, despite its significance, nothing is known about its manufacture. Therefore, this study attempted to analyze the materials of the banners to estimate when they were manufactured and repaired. The investigation of materials on the banner involved visual examination, literature review, microscopy, SEM–EDS, FT-IR, Py-GC–MS, ICP-MS, and LC–MS. The fabric, patch, and threads comprising the artifact were identified as cotton. FT-IR and Py-GC–MS confirmed that the repair patch was a woven blend of polyester and cotton yarns. EDS analysis indicated that the polyester was treated with titanium delustering. ICP-MS detected high concentrations of chromium that were not used in traditional dyeing techniques. The azo and sulfur compounds were identified by LC–MS analysis. The material layered on the grommet patch was thought to be a mixture of Pb, Ti with CaCO3 and BaSO4. Based on the overall results, the production date of the banner was narrowed down to the late 1920s, and the repair date to the mid-1950s. Although the materials used could not be identified owing to the limitations of the applicable analysis. Nonetheless, it is hoped that the analyses conducted in this study can serve as a scientific foundation for dating modern cultural heritage objects with limited handed-down record and historical documentation.

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Scientific Characterization of Coloration Pigments and Deterioration Diagnosis on the Surface for the Gilt-bronze Seated Bodhisattva at Cheongyang Unjangam Hermitage, Korea

Lee¹,

Chae²,

Yang³

2023

J. Conserv. Sci

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The gilt-bronze seated Bodhisattva in Unjangam hermitage is known as an artifact of the 14th century. The main deteriorations of the statue are cracks, peeling and exfoliation in gold-gilding layers and coloration pigments. This is a factor that not only degrades aesthetics but can also cause additional damages. Ultrasonic velocity of the statue was mean 2,140 m/sec, showing low physical properties at the lowest part of the left and right sides. Surface on the body and coronal of the statue was gold gilding and colorfully colored by pigments. In the statue, Ti and Ca are highly detected in bottom pigment layers. This is affected by shell whitewash and modern titanium white, and the black pigment seems to have been used for black ink. In red, components of iron oxides, copper oxide and Pb3O4 were detected. Blue is considered as patina, and green pigments are divided into green and dark green depending on the saturation, and containing Cr2O4 and CaCO3 as the main components were used. The surface on the statue uses Cu-bearing gold and modern synthetic pigments, the overall color is dull and it does not match the formality and era. Therefore, it is necessary to repair it according to the production period and original form based on historical studies.

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Characteristics of White Pigments Used in Jiho Oh and Bonung Gu’s Paintings Produced in Modern and Contemporary Period

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Study on the Characteristics of Materials and Manufacturing Techniques for the Mural Paintings in Daeunjeon at Ssanggyesa Temple, Jindo

Study on the Characteristics of Materials and Manufacturing Techniques for the Mural Paintings in Daeunjeon at Ssanggyesa Temple, Jindo

Date estimation of fabrication and repair of Color garments encouragement banner

Scientific Characterization of Coloration Pigments and Deterioration Diagnosis on the Surface for the Gilt-bronze Seated Bodhisattva at Cheongyang Unjangam Hermitage, Korea

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