Characteristics of Trauma Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care University Hospital Emergency Service: One year Cross-sectional Analysis

Abstract

IntroductionTrauma is a important cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Lay out and prevent the causes of trauma will significantly affect the quality of patient care and the quality of patients' lives. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of trauma patients who refer to the emergency room and assess the mortality impact of pathologies that patients have. Materials and MethodsIn this study, 14423 trauma patients who admitted to tertiary care emergency department between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019 were retrospectively evaluated by using the hospital information management system. The trauma types of these patients were evaluated together with their radiological imaging, and their effects on hospital discharge, hospitalization and survival were evaluated. The analysis of the data obtained has reached by SPSS and MEDCALC program. ResultsIt was determined that 8948 (62%) of 14423 patients included in our study were male and 5475 (38%) were female. It was found that the median age of the patients was 24 (IQR:25). 1680 (11.6%) of patients had head trauma, spinal trauma in 203 (1.4%), thorax trauma in 461 (3.2%), abdomen trauma in 209 (1.5%), and extremity related trauma in 4157 (28.8%) patients were found in the study. In our study, 12630 (87.6%) were discharged from the emergency department, 1747 (12.1%) were hospitalized, 16 (0.111%) died in the emergency room, and 30 (0,2%) of patients were transferred to another hospital. 1747 patients who were hospitalized, 40 (53.8%) of them were operated at least once during their hospitalization. 43 patients (2.4%) died after hospitalization. When the effects of the pathologies of the patients included in the study on mortality were evaluated; presence of scalp incisions, ventricular hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, spinal fracture, rib fracture, lung contusion, presence of intra-abdominal fluid were statistically significant with mortality. ConclusionKnowing the epidemiological characteristics, current trauma and trauma mechanisms of trauma patients with a significant share in emergency services admissions will be important in predicting morbidity and mortality. Comprehensive and multicenter studies are needed more to increase the quality of patient care and to effect morbidity and mortality.