Characteristics of three typical Chinese highland barley varieties: Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities of three highland barley varieties. The free, bound, and total phenolic content of highland barley, respectively ranged from 44.52 to 178.37 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g dry weight (D. W.), 121.69-302.55 mg GAE/100 g D. W., and 166.21-480.92 mg GAE/100 g D. W. Besides, the free, bound, and total flavonoid content, respectively, ranged from 15.71 to 35.18 mg rutin equivalents (RE)/100 g D. W., 39.37-86.93 mg RE/100 g D. W., and 59.13-102.64 mg RE/100 g D. W. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging abilities, oxygen radical absorbance capacities, ferric reducing antioxidant power values, and cellular antioxidant activities of the bound extractions of highland barley were higher than those of the free extractions. However, the free polyphenol extracts had stronger inhibitory effects on HepG2 cell proliferation than the bound extracts. Practical applicationsHighland barley is a principal food crop that is widely cultivated in the west and southwest regions of China. Highland barley is usually rich in phenolic compounds, however, the phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activities of highland barley were underestimated because the bound phytochemical fraction was not included in the analysis. In this study, three highland barleys from different region of China were used to analysis the free and bound total phenolics and total flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant activities.

Comparative study on the antioxidant activities of ten common flower teas from China

“…HepG2 cells were cultured in DMEM which contained a 10% fetal bovine serum and a 1% antibiotic-antimycotic at 37°C and in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere. The CAA assay was performed by using a previously described method [11]. HepG2 cells were seeded in a 96-well microplate with 100 μL of growth medium, which proliferated to 5.5 × 10 4 cells/ well after 24 h. Then, the wells were removed for their growth medium and washed by PBS.…”

“…The CAA assay is a more biologically related model when compared with these chemical assays since it takes into account the biological influence factors such as uptake, metabolism and localization of the antioxidants within cells [11]. The CAA of flower teas were performed using H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage in human liver cancer cells HepG2.…”

Untitled

“…The antioxidant activity of the extracts of the petals of marigold flower was determined by using the DPPH method. 14,15,16 The antioxidant activity of the extracts was investigated by the spectrophotometric method using the ability of the extract to catch stable DPPH radicals. The free radical scavenging activity of extracts of petals of marigold flowers were compared with standard antioxidant Ascorbic acid.…”

Metabolomic Profiling of Five Hulless Barley with Different Seed Coat Colors

“…The breeding of colored barley varieties has become increasingly prevalent in agriculture in recent years. Purple, blue, and black grains are considered as promising ingredients for developing functional grain-based foods, as they are a natural source of antioxidants, are rich in phenolic compounds called anthocyanins, and contain essential amino acids (Abdel et al 2003;Abdel et al 2006;Shen et al 2018;Zeven, 1991). At maturity, the barley grain may have different pigmentation, which is formed by the pigment deposited in the seed coat and aleurone layer.…”