Characteristics of the Z–R Relationships Observed Using Micro Rain Radar (MRR-2) over Darjeeling (27.05° N, 88.26° E): A Complex Terrain Region in the Eastern Himalayas

Mehta, Shyam; Mehta, Sanjay Kumar; Singh, Soumendra; Mitra, Amitabha; Ghosh, S. K.; Raha, S.

doi:10.1007/s00024-020-02472-6

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The classi cation of rainfall types in this work uses different spatial perspectives to identify rainfall types and to decrease the uncertainty of the de nition of convective rainfall, not considering the large-scale formation to de ne the rainfall type, but rather their occurrence at the collection site during the rainfall event. The classi cation was based on visual delimitation of the melting layer (bright band -BB) in MRR vertical pro les 49,52 (from the surface upward) and GOES-16 satellite imagery 53,54 (from the atmosphere downward to the surface). Identi cation of stratiform rainfall was based on the identi cation of BB in MRR imagery (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2020) 52 . The values of these parameters at the height should be more than 4dBZ (Z), 2m.s − 1 (w) and 2mm.min − 1 (RR) in relation to the neighboring heights.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variation of radar parameters on the BB layer is standard and very useful in radar observations 32,52,55,56 . In general, the vertical pro le during convective rainfall featured high re ectivity values near the surface (Z > 38 dBZ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Day-night differences in δ18O and d-excess of convective rainfall in the inland tropics of Brazil

Santos

Gastmans

Durán-Quesada

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The tropical central-southern part of Brazil (CSB) is characterized by strong convective systems that bring generous water supply for agro-industrial activities but also pose flood risks for large cities. Here, we present high-frequency (5-10 minutes) rainfall isotopic compositions to better understand those systems. In total, 260 intra-event samples representing 18 rainfall events were collected during the period 2019-2021. In summer, convective rainfall activity modulates regional and local isotopic characteristics, revealing a novel perspective on day-night contrast in δ18O and d-excess values. During the daytime, enhanced sub-cloud effects are related to high δ18O and low d-excess, while at night-time, continuous regional rainout results in more depleted δ18O and high d-excess values. Our results offer a new framework of key drivers controlling the isotopic variability of rainfall across the tropics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2020) 52 . The values of these parameters at the height should be more than 4dBZ (Z), 2m.s − 1 (w) and 2mm.min − 1 (RR) in relation to the neighboring heights.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Day-night differences in δ18O and d-excess of convective rainfall in the inland tropics of Brazil

Santos

Gastmans

Durán-Quesada

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The Radar Reflectivity Z is depended on raindrops and its diameter, thus it's very sensitive to raindrop size diameters, as it changes then the change in Z is also observed [5]. The precipitation measurement devices are noting but estimating rain as well as snow gauges, in this scenario, recording and non-recording classifications have been presented.…”

Section: Fig 2 -Precipitation Measurement Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here Z is the Reflectivity depends upon rainfall rate RR and drop size distribution DSD of rain drops [5] [6] [8],…”

Section: Reflectivity Of Radar (Z) Is Derived From Radar Power Equati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Reflectivity of Micro Rain Radar (MRR2) At 16.44180N, 80.620E of India

Maddikera¹,

Kotamraju²,

Kavya³

et al. 2022

IJIE

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To improve accurate standards of Radar Reflectivity Z, Rainfall Rates RR, and even to monitor small size precipitation particles Z-R relation is derived in this work with the help of Micro Rain Radar. Formerly, taking rain/precipitation data from ground-based rain gauges (Cylindrical, Optical, Weighing, Tipping Bucket Rain Gauges, Disdrometers, etc.,) currently, in this work using METEK MRR (Micro Rain Radar) of Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave System which reads the vertical structure of precipitation particles and hence named as vertical profile radar which operates at 24.2 GHz and height up to 6000m/6kms with an increment step size of 200m respectively to monitor the frozen hydrometeors. It is installed at (16.440 N, 80.620 E) K L University, 29 meters above the sea level (ASL) in CARE LAB. The METEK is manufacturer of micro rain radar, to know the Radar Reflectivity of precipitation, it is observing the amount of power received to the radar receiver after hitting the precipitation particles with respect to the transmitted power of the radar. This proposed work considered distinctive rain conditions at different heights ASL ranging from 200m 1200m 2200m, and derived Z-R relations respectively. This work has been provided significant natural disasters such as Geophysical, Hydrological, Climatological and Meteorological pre-intimation easily using METEK MRR.

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Seasonal dependence of characteristics of rain drop size distribution over two different climatic zones of India

Shaik,

Ratnam,

Subrahmanyam

et al. 2024

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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Characteristics of the Z–R Relationships Observed Using Micro Rain Radar (MRR-2) over Darjeeling (27.05° N, 88.26° E): A Complex Terrain Region in the Eastern Himalayas

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Day-night differences in δ18O and d-excess of convective rainfall in the inland tropics of Brazil

Day-night differences in δ18O and d-excess of convective rainfall in the inland tropics of Brazil

Radar Reflectivity of Micro Rain Radar (MRR2) At 16.44180N, 80.620E of India

Seasonal dependence of characteristics of rain drop size distribution over two different climatic zones of India

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