Characteristics of the urinary luteinizing hormone surge in young ovulatory women

Park, Susanna J.; Goldsmith, Laura T.; Skurnick, Joan; Wojtczuk, Andrea; Weiss, Gerson

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.045

Cited by 100 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…When a rise in serum LH levels is noted, it is assumed that ovulation will occur in 36-40 h later [9]. Urinary LH kits might be patient-friendly but might be misleading [10]. Therefore, it is better to monitor circulating LH levels daily during the time of ovulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of endometrium for frozen embryo replacement cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yaralı́

Polat

Mümüşoğlu

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the best protocol to prepare endometrium for frozen embryo replacement (FER) cycles. Methods This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Following PubMed and OvidSP search, a total of 1166 studies published after 1990 were identified following removal of duplicates. Following exclusion of studies not matching our inclusion criteria, a total of 33 studies were analyzed. Primary outcome measure was live birth. The following protocols, including true natural cycle (tNC), modified natural cycle (mNC), artificial cycle (AC) with or without suppression, and mild ovarian stimulation (OS) with gonadotropin (Gn) or aromatase inhibitor (AI), were compared. Results No statistically significant difference for both clinical pregnancy and live birth was noted between tNC and mNC groups. When tNC and AC without suppression groups are compared, there was a statistically significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate in favor of tNC, whereas it failed to reach statistical significance for live birth. When tNC and AC with suppression groups are compared, there was a statistically significant difference in live birth rate favoring the latter. Similar pregnancy outcome was noted among mNC versus AC with or without suppression groups. Similarly, no difference in clinical pregnancy and live birth was noted when ACs with or without suppression groups are compared. Conclusions There is no consistent superiority of any endometrial preparation for FER. However, mNC has several advantages (being patient-friendly; yielding at least equivalent or better pregnancy rates when compared with tNC and AC with or without suppression; may not require LPS). Mild OS with Gn or AI may be promising.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of endometrium for frozen embryo replacement cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yaralı́

Polat

Mümüşoğlu

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, it is necessary to conduct randomized controlled studies in a prospective manner, which should also evaluate the above-mentioned factors. Intravaginal -----------------------------------100 or 200 mg 300 or 600 mg (daily) (14 ) (15-26) Intramuscular -----------------------------------50 mg 100 mg (daily) (14 ) (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) …”

Section: Which Methods Is Preferable?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urine LH increases 21 hours after the detection of the blood LH surge, and this fact has to be taken into consideration when interpreting the increase in urine LH (14). Another problem in determining the time of the spontaneous LH surge is the variability of this increase, both among cycles and patients (15). At least one measurement, and preferably two measurements, has to be performed daily in order to accurately determine the LH surge.…”

Section: Embryo Transfer In a Natural (Spontaneous) Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for endometrial preparation in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles

Kalem

Gürgan

2016

J Turkish German Gynecol Assoc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Review 168 IntroductionFrozen-thawed (FT) embryo transfer is a procedure used for the storage and transfer of excess embryos obtained during in vitro fertilization (IVF)-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. In recent years, improvements in laboratory conditions and limitations on the number of embryos to be transferred have led to a progressive increase in FT embryo transfer cycles. Another preferred practice to prevent multiple pregnancies in IVF cycles is to transfer a single embryo and freeze all surplus embryos (1). However, the best solution for endometrial preparation in these cycles is still a matter of debate (2). Frozen-thawed embryo transfer prevents embryo waste and increases the probability of pregnancy in a single stimulated cycle. Protocols applied in FT cycles aim for endometrial preparation only and are therefore simpler than complicated protocols that aim to develop many follicles. As the treatment for subfertility increases, so does the importance of FT embryo transfer; however, there is no consensus about which method is the best (3, 4). Pregnancy rates following FT embryo transfer have been found to be higher than those following fresh embryo transfer (5). Further, FT embryo transfer increases the cumulative pregnancy rate and decreases the cost; in addition, it is easy to perform and can be applied in a shorter time duration when compared to repetitive fresh embryo transfers (5). Using frozen excess embryos obtained as a result of the time-totime implementation of in vitro maturation (IVM) in patients with polycystic ovaries, successful pregnancies have been achieved (6). Therefore, studies have concentrated on factors affecting the success rate of FT embryo transfer cycles.Various cycle protocols are used for the preparation of the endometrium in an FT embryo transfer cycle. In one of these procedures, the transfer time is determined either by the natural course of a cycle [i.e., in an ovulatory patient exhibiting a natural (spontaneous) cycle] or by inducing ovulation during the course of a natural cycle. The second procedure involves the artificial preparation of the endometrium through the administration of exogenous estrogen and progesterone, which can be performed with or without the association of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. In the third procedure, the cycle is stimulated by gonadotropins and ovulation is induced by recombinant-human chorionic gonadotropin (rHcg) or hCG; however, this practice is no longer applied (7,8). Embryo transfer in a natural (spontaneous) cycleBoth embryo and endometrial development have to be synchronized in FT embryo transfer cycles in order to maximize the pregnancy rate (9). This synchronization can be achieved in several ways. The easiest is the endocrinological preparation of the endometrium during the natural cycle using the patient's own follicular sex steroids. In this application, the timing for embryo transfer (ET) is determined by either investigating the spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge or by the administration o...

show abstract

“…Altogether, 12 studies investigating the onset of the LH surge in the menstrual cycle, containing a well-defined, reliable, methodology for detecting the surge in urine were identified (Table 1) [3,6,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. From the methodology described in these 12 studies, 16 different methods used for detecting the LH surge were identified.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Scientific Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The onset of the LH surge in women of reproductive age has been investigated by many researchers, who have developed different approaches for surge identification [3,6,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Nevertheless, no comparison has been made between these different methods to date, to determine whether they are equally valid, or whether there is one method that is more effective than the others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between the different methods developed for determining the onset of the LH surge in urine during the human menstrual cycle

Godbert¹,

Miró²,

Shreeves³

et al. 2015

Arch Gynecol Obstet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To determine whether an optimal method exists for the detection of the luteinising hormone (LH) surge onset in research datasets of urinary hormonal profiles of menstrual cycles. Methods The scientific literature was searched to compare published methodologies for detection of the LH surge onset in urine. Their performance was tested using complete hormonal profiles from 254 ovulatory cycles from 227 women attempting pregnancy (normal regular menstrual cycles; no known infertility). Results Three major methodologies to determine the onset of the LH surge in urine were identified. The key difference between these methods is how the cycle days that contribute to LH baseline assessment are determined: using fixed days (method #1), based on peak LH day (method #2), based on a provisional estimate of the LH surge (method #3). Method #1 requires no prior cycle information, whereas methods #2 and #3 need to consider complete cycle data. The most reliable method for calculation of baseline LH was using 2 days before the estimated surge day, plus the previous 4/5 days. Conclusions Different methods for identification of the urinary LH surge can provide very different determinations of LH surge day, thus care must be taken when comparing between studies that apply different methodologies. The optimal method for determining the onset of the LH surge in urine requires retrospective estimation of day of LH surge to identify the most appropriate part of the cycle to consider as the baseline. This method can be adopted for application in population studies.

show abstract

Characteristics of the urinary luteinizing hormone surge in young ovulatory women

Cited by 100 publications

References 20 publications

Preparation of endometrium for frozen embryo replacement cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Preparation of endometrium for frozen embryo replacement cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Methods for endometrial preparation in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles

Comparison between the different methods developed for determining the onset of the LH surge in urine during the human menstrual cycle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About