Characteristics of the sequence effect in Parkinson's disease

Kang, Suk Yun; Wasaka, Toshiaki; Shamim, Ejaz A.; Auh, Sungyoung; Ueki, Yoshino; Lopez, Grisel; Kida, Tetsuo; Jin, Sunghwan; Dang, Nguyet; Hallett, Mark

doi:10.1002/mds.23251

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…44 Instead of a progressive reduction in amplitude and speed with rapid repetitive movements (the “sequence effect”, considered critical for the definition of bradykinesia, the core element of parkinsonism 9 ), these patients may exhibit a reduction in amplitude and speed that varies but does not progressively diminish during a task. This pseudoparkinsonian state may be an expression of cognitive rather than primary motor impairment, and supports its classification under the rubric of a higher-level gait disorder (HLGD), meant to include such previous descriptors for gait impairment as frontal, magnetic, or “apraxic”, and encompassing varying degrees of slowed and short-stepped gait with freezing.…”

Section: Vascular Pseudoparkinsonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Progressive ambulatory impairment and abnormal white matter signal on neuroimaging come together under the diagnostic umbrella of vascular parkinsonism. A critical appraisal of the literature, however, suggests that (1) no abnormal structural imaging pattern is specific to vascular parkinsonism; (2) there is poor correlation between brain magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensities and microangiopathic brain disease and parkinsonism from available clinicopathologic data; (3) pure parkinsonism from vascular injury (“definite” vascular parkinsonism) consistently results from ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes involving the substantia nigra and/or nigrostriatal pathway but sparing the striatum itself, the cortex, and the intervening white matter; and (4) many cases reported as vascular parkinsonism may represent pseudovascular parkinsonism (e.g., Parkinson disease or another neurodegenerative parkinsonism such as progressive supranuclear palsy with non-specific neuroimaging signal abnormalities), vascular pseudoparkinsonism (e.g., akinetic mutism due to bilateral mesial frontal strokes or apathetic depression from bilateral striatal lacunar strokes), or pseudovascular pseudoparkinsonism (e.g., higher-level gait disorders, including normal pressure hydrocephalus with transependimal exudate). These syndromic designations are preferable over vascular parkinsonism until pathology or validated biomarkers confirm the underlying nature and relevance of the leukoaraiosis.

show abstract

Section: Vascular Pseudoparkinsonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is referred to as the sequence effect (SE) 3,4. Until now, it was well-demonstrated in only advanced PD 1–3.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sequence Effect in <italic>De Novo</italic> Parkinson’s Disease

Kang

Wasaka

Shamim

et al. 2011

JMD

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and PurposeThe sequence effect (SE) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) denotes progressive slowness in speed or progressive decrease in amplitude of repetitive movements. It is a well-known feature of bradykinesia and is considered unique in PD. Until now, it was well-documented in advanced PD, but not in drug-naïve PD. The aim of this study is to know whether the SE can also be measured in drug-naïve PD.MethodsWe measured the SE with a computer-based, modified Purdue pegboard in 4 drug-naïve PD patients, which matched our previous study with advanced PD patients.ResultsWe observed progressive slowness during movement, that is, SE. Statistical analysis showed a strong statistical trend toward the SE with the right hand, but no significance with the left hand. There was no statistical significance of SE with either the more or less affected hands.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the SE can be identified in drug-naïve PD, as well as in advanced PD, with objective measurements and support the idea that the SE is a feature in PD observed during the early stage of the disease without medication.

show abstract

“…Sham TMS was used in both rTMS[104, 106, 113, 125, 128, 142, 144, 150, 162, 165] (N = 142) and TBS[102, 111, 166–168] (N = 58) protocols. Of these sham exposures, one patient receiving sham rTMS over SMA withdrew due to perceived worsening of symptoms[113] and one study reported a similar incidence of mild headaches in their real and sham 5 Hz DLPFC rTMS groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: A review of the literature

VonLoh

Chen

Kluger

2013

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used in both physiological studies and, more recently, the therapy of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Prior TMS studies in healthy subjects and other patient populations demonstrate a slight risk of seizures and other adverse events. Our goal was to estimate these risks and document other safety concerns specific to PD patients. Methods We performed an English-Language literature search through PudMed to review all TMS studies involving PD patients. We documented any seizures or other adverse events associated with these studies. Crude risks were calculated per subject and per session of TMS. Results We identified 84 single pulse (spTMS) and/or paired pulse (ppTMS) TMS studies involving 1091 patients and 77 repetitive TMS (rTMS) studies involving 1137 patients. Risk of adverse events was low in all protocols. spTMS and ppTMS risk per patient for any adverse event was 0.0018 (95% CI: 0.0002 – 0.0066) per patient and no seizures were encountered. Risk of an adverse event from rTMS was 0.040 (95% CI: 0.029 – 0.053) per patient and no seizures were reported. Other adverse events included transient headaches, scalp pain, tinnitus, nausea, increase in pre-existing pain, and muscle jerks. Transient worsening of Parkinsonian symptoms was noted in one study involving rTMS of the supplementary motor area (SMA). Conclusion We conclude that current TMS and rTMS protocols do not pose significant risks to PD patients. We would recommend that TMS users in this population follow the most recent safety guidelines but do not warrant additional precautions.

show abstract

Characteristics of the sequence effect in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 67 publications

References 57 publications

Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

The Sequence Effect in <italic>De Novo</italic> Parkinson’s Disease

Safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: A review of the literature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Characteristics of the sequence effect in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 67 publications

References 57 publications

Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

The Sequence Effect in &lt;italic&gt;De Novo&lt;/italic&gt; Parkinson’s Disease

Safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: A review of the literature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Sequence Effect in <italic>De Novo</italic> Parkinson’s Disease