Characteristics of the Lower-Blue-Collar-Class

Personality and Organization Theory Revisited

“…He reported a national recreation survey in England in which those with jobs in the higher occupational classes selected more active recreational pursuits while those in the lower occupational classes selected more passive recreational pursuits (Parker, 1971: 60). Cohen and Hodges (1963) found that lower-level employees participated least in voluntary organizations. After reviewing his own and others' work, Parker (1971: 114) concluded, "My view is that the causal influence is more likely to be from work experience and attitudes to leisure experiences and attitudes than the other way round, mainly because the work sphere is both more structured and more basic to life...." Several studies have been reported whose conclusions are also in line with P and 0 theory.…”

Some Social Characteristics of Lower Working Class Utilizers and Underutilizers of Maternity Care Services

“…Furthermore, while information of varying quality is available on selected social variables, these are usually only examined in isolation, with little attention to their possible association with other important factors (Anderson, 1968). A common technique, it seems, not only related to the use of services, is to draw up an inventory of characteristics of the particular group under investigation (Miller and Riessman, 1961;Cohen and Hodges, 1962;Blum and Rossi, 1969). A common technique, it seems, not only related to the use of services, is to draw up an inventory of characteristics of the particular group under investigation (Miller and Riessman, 1961;Cohen and Hodges, 1962;Blum and Rossi, 1969).…”

Who Participates in What?

“…One is obliged to show the standard of comparison and must be wary of using some romantic notion of a simple pre-urban community. 27. As suggested in this essay, this question may indicate a misinterpretation of mass society theories.…”

“…This working-class subculture is said to include a reliance on informal associations especially with family or peers rather than on formal associations. These studies include the ones by Berger (14), Cohen and Hodges (27), Gans (45), Hausknecht (60), Miller and Riessman (76), Purcell (81), and Rainwater (82). See also Whyte's (104) study of the social structure of an Italian slum, and Wallace's (103) study of skid row, which also stress the importance of informal associations.…”