Characteristics of the Endoprostheses Used in the Treatment of Inguinal Hernias by the Method of I.L. Lichtenstein

Abstract

Ventral hernias remain the most common surgical pathology, which occurs in 3-8% of the population or in 510-570 million people. The "gold standard" in the treatment of ventral hernias today remains the use of synthetic materials, and the main method of their treatment is nontensioning prosthetic hernioplasty according to the method of I.L. Lichtenstein, which is implemented in 70-90% of patients with inguinal hernias. The properties of endoprostheses, which in their physical and mechanical properties should be as close as possible to the tissues of the patient's body, have a great influence on the results of surgical treatment of this contingent of patients. To date, more than 160 names of mesh endoprostheses are used, which differ, including in biological and mechanical characteristics. The paper presents information about the differences between implants used in hernioplasty using the Lichtenstein method in strength, elasticity, cell size, types of weaving and chemical composition of mesh prostheses. The study showed that the properties of endoprostheses, in particular, their structure, type of polymer, structure of filaments, biodegradability, plasticity, inertia of the material and others have a great influence on the results of surgical treatment when performing hernioplasty using the Lichtenstein method. The comparative effectiveness of the application of the developed materials during hernioplasty of inguinal hernias should include, among other things, data on the properties of the implant material and the features of its modeling, the technique of the operation, the results of general clinical, immunological, ultrasound, radiological and histological research methods.