Characteristics of the chemical reaction between pure iron implanted with molybdenum ion and S-containing lubricating oil additive

Yang, Dehua; Xue, Qunji; Zhang, Xushou; Ding, Xunliang; Lin, W.L.

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(95)06675-6

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A strong peak appeared at a binding energy of 711–720 eV [Fig. 6(a)], indicating the existence of ferric or ferrous ions of sulfide or sulfate27, 28 but not the existence of oxides such as E B = 710.75 eV and E B = 725.21 eV for Fe 2 O 3 29 and E B = 709.5 eV for FeO 30. Another peak at a binding energy of 168.80 eV [Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional EP additives are always organic molecules that include functional groups such as sulfide, phosphorus, amine, or carboxylate. These molecules form a thin molecular film on a metal surface 7–12. Frequently, using polymers rather than organic molecules causes the adsorption layer formed on the metal surface to be a thick layer of polymer chains rather than a thin molecular film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical and physical adsorption of polymers containing thiophosphate, amino, or polysiloxane groups at the oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Kuo

2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Thiophosphate-and amino-containing polymers-poly[diethyl 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphate-stearyl acrylate] (PPS) and poly(2-dimethylaminoethylacrylate-stearyl acrylate) (PNS)-were synthesized, and their characteristics at an oil/ metal interface under a high load and rotary velocity were investigated by the measurement of the temperature of the oil, the frictional coefficient, and the electrical contact resistance between the two metal surfaces. The experimental results indicated that PNS most effectively limited the increase of the oil temperature and the frictional coefficient at low temperatures. However, PNS reduced the oil temperature and frictional coefficient less effectively than the base oil at high temperatures, whereas PPS most effectively reduced the oil temperature and frictional coefficient and increased the electrical resistance at high temperatures. Moreover, the adsorption layers of PPS could be directly observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These adsorption layers were analyzed by energy-dispersible spectrometry to determine the phosphorus content and by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis to demonstrate the existence of ferric or ferrous ions of sulfide or sulfate. The results of this study suggested that the adsorption layer of the thiophosphate-containing polymer resulted in chemisorption by a reaction of the thiophosphate group on a metal surface. In contrast, an aminocontaining polymer was physically adsorbed onto a metal surface at low temperature, although no adsorption layer was observed at a high temperature with SEM.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and physical adsorption of polymers containing thiophosphate, amino, or polysiloxane groups at the oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Kuo

2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…A reduction of the frictional coefficient between metal surfaces by a lubricant is strongly related to the lubricant's antiwear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) properties 1, 2. All conventional EP additives are organic molecules that have functional groups, such as sulfide, phosphorus, amine, or carboxylate, that form a thin physical or chemical adsorption film on a metal surface 3–7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperbranched‐polyethyleneiminated functional polymers. III. Synthesizing thiophosphate‐containing pseudodendritic poly‐ethyleneiminated polyoxypropylenediamine and its behavior at an oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Kuo

2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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A simple synthetic route for preparing a thiophosphate-containing pseudodendritic polyethyleneiminated polyoxypropylenediamine, D400(EI) x P, is presented. The number of ethyleneimine group (EI) in D400(EI) x P was determined by 1 Hand 13 C-NMR to be 4.3 for D400(EI) 4 P and 8.9 for D400(EI) 8 P, and the extent of branch was quantitatively determined using potentiometric titration. The numbers of thiophosphate groups per thiophosphate-containing pseudodendritic polymers molecule for D400(EI) 0 P, D400(EI) 4 P, and D400(EI) 8 P were calculated by elemental analyses of sulfur content. The AW performance of these synthesized thiophosphate-containing pseudodendritic polymers was examined by measuring the temperature of oil, and the frictional coefficient and electrical contact resistance between the two metal surfaces. More thiophosphate groups on either side of D400(EI) 8 P are found to increase the electrical contact resistance due to the chemical adsorption of thiophosphate groups onto metal surfaces, forming a thick layer and reducing operating time required to form the adsorption layer. Interestingly, the adsorption layers markedly reduce the frictional coefficient (ϳ 0.012) and limit the increase in oil temperature (ϳ 90°C) throughout the entire period of AW test, reducing weight loss of the metal (0.1 mg).

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“…The effectiveness of additives is a function of physical adsorption and subsequent chemical reaction on a metal surface [1,2]. This work investigates whether the action of AW additives, which contain phosphorus-sulfur compounds, is based on first absorbing polar substances onto metal surfaces, where the subsequent reaction with the metal in the friction zone under the effect of heat and mechanical energy creates a phosphorus-sulfur rich reaction layer [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiwear performance of polysiloxane-containing copolymers at oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Ni¹,

Kuo²,

Lin³

2002

Wear

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Copolymers separately containing polysiloxane, thiophosphate-polysiloxane, thiophosphate-amino, and polysiloxane-amino groups were synthesized by free radical copolymerization. The antiwear behaviors of the synthesized copolymers as an oil additive in base oil were assessed with a wear tester by measuring the oil temperature, frictional coefficient, and electrical contact resistance between the two metal surfaces. Thiophosphate-containing copolymers were noted to limit the increase in the oil temperature and reduce the frictional coefficient by adsorbing the thiophosphate group onto the metal surfaces and then reacting on those surfaces. The oil temperature and the frictional coefficient of thiophosphate-polysiloxane-containing copolymer were lower than that of other synthesized copolymers before chemical adsorption by the thiophosphate group, which was resulted from the protection by the polysiloxane structure. The amino-polysiloxane-containing copolymer that settled on the metal surfaces by adsorbing the amino group reduced the frictional coefficient and limited the increase in the oil temperature caused by the presence of the polysiloxane group. Nevertheless, the amino-polysiloxane-containing copolymer physically adsorbed onto the metal surfaces at a low temperature and desorbed from the metal surfaces with increasing oil temperature.

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Characteristics of the chemical reaction between pure iron implanted with molybdenum ion and S-containing lubricating oil additive

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Chemical and physical adsorption of polymers containing thiophosphate, amino, or polysiloxane groups at the oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Chemical and physical adsorption of polymers containing thiophosphate, amino, or polysiloxane groups at the oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Hyperbranched‐polyethyleneiminated functional polymers. III. Synthesizing thiophosphate‐containing pseudodendritic poly‐ethyleneiminated polyoxypropylenediamine and its behavior at an oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

Antiwear performance of polysiloxane-containing copolymers at oil/metal interface under extreme pressure

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