Characteristics of T lymphocyte content according to oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and COVID-19 infection

Abstract

In order to study the particularities of T lymphocyte content depending on the indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity, in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in association with COVID-19 coinfection, 42 patients were examined, of which: a) baseline - 21 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and co-infection COVID-19, b) control group - 21 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. At the patients included in the study, there were determined the leukocyte formula, the level of CD3, CD4, CD8 lymphocytes, the oxidative stress reaction as well as the antioxidant activity. As a result, it was determined that at patients with tuberculosis and COVID-19 coinfection: as the content of lymphocytes, and in particular, T lymphocytes decreases at patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection, the degree of oxidative damage of proteins and the predisposition of lipoproteins to oxidation increases significantly according to the data of the AOPP marker and the indicator of malonic dialdehyde of oxidative stress (malonic dialdehyde - DAM), which indicates the severity of oxidative stress reactions at these patients. The total antioxidant activity, determined by the ATS method at patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection, was significantly reduced, and according to the CUPRAC method it increased significantly as the content of lymphocytes and, in particular, lymphocytes decreased. The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and the activity of the antioxidant protein ceruloplasmin at patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and COVID19 decreased significantly as the content of lymphocytes and, in particular, T lymphocytes decreased. Thus, the parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity can be considered potential biomarkers markers of the evolution of pulmonary tuberculosis in association with COVID-19 infection.