Characteristics of Synthetic Cannabinoid and Cannabis Users Admitted to a Psychiatric Hospital

Shalit, Nadav; Barzilay, Ran; Shoval, Gal; Shlosberg, Dan; Mor, Nofar; Zweigenhaft, Nofar; Weizman, Abraham; Krivoy, Amir

doi:10.4088/jcp.15m09938

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The full text of remaining 216 papers was searched, and a further 192 papers excluded due to not fulfilling the inclusion criteria (Fig 1). After abstraction and full text screening, a total of 24 articles were selected for review: 2 toxicology reports (Monte et al, 2017;Waugh et al, 2016), 4 casecontrol studies (Altintas et al, 2016;Bassir Nia et al, 2016;Shalit et al, 2016;Welter et al, 2017), 3 cross-sectional analyses (Glue et al, 2013;Manseau et al, 2017;Vallersnes et al, 2016) and 15 case reports (Barcelo et al, 2017;Benford and Caplan, 2011;Coppola and Mondola, 2017;Hurst et al, 2011;Johnson et al, 2011;Mahgoub and Young, 2017;Meijer et al, 2014;Muller et al, 2017;Oliveira et al, 2017;Oluwabusi et al, 2012;Ozer et al, 2016;Roberto et al, 2016;Rojek et al, 2017;Samaan et al, 2016; Van der Veer and Friday, 2011) ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spicing it up - synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and psychosis - a systematic review

Hobbs

Kalk

Morrison

et al. 2018

European Neuropsychopharmacology

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Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shalit and colleagues studied patients admitted to a psychiatric ward in Israel who reported SCRA use and compared them to patients admitted who reported NC but not SCRA use (Shalit et al, 2016). The SCRA users were younger than NC users, had longer admissions, and more marked psychotic symptoms (PANSS total score of 82.5 vs. 70).…”

Section: Case-control Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spicing it up - synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and psychosis - a systematic review

Hobbs

Kalk

Morrison

et al. 2018

European Neuropsychopharmacology

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“…In contrast to D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC) which is the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, SCs are more potent and efficacious at cannabinoid CB 1 and CB 2 receptors (Pertwee, 2008;Bhattacharyya et al, 2012;Castaneto et al, 2014). Therefore, although SC drugs are designed to mimic the effects of cannabis, they induce more severe and persistent adverse effects since they include more potent and toxic psychoactive compounds than traditional cannabis (Fattore, 2016;Cohen et al, 2017;Cohen & Weinstein, 2018a,b;Langer et al, 2014;Shalit et al, 2016;van Amsterdam et al, 2015;Weinstein et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory effects of cannabinoids on brain neurotransmission

Cohen

Weizman

Weinstein

2019

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Recreational and chronic cannabis use has been associated with a range of acute and chronic effects including; anti‐nociceptive actions, anxiety, depression, psychotic symptoms and neurocognitive impairments. The mechanisms underlying cannabinoid‐based drugs effects are not fully known but given the neuro‐modulatory functions of the endocannabinoid system, it seems likely that agonistic activity at the cannabinoid type‐1 receptors (CB1) might modulate the functions of other neurotransmitter systems. The present review has summarized the currently available pre‐clinical and clinical data on the interactions of CB1 and cannabinoid type‐2 receptors (CB2) with the central neurotransmitters; dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, GABA, glutamate and opioids. Acute and chronic exposures to cannabinoids exert pharmacological alterations in the mammalian brain that have profound implications for our understanding of the neuropharmacology of cannabinoid‐based drugs and their effects on mental health and the brain. A recent emergence uses of cannabis for medical purpose together with legalization and decriminalization of cannabis and increasing use of highly potent synthetic cannabinoids raise a growing concern over the effects of cannabinoids and their interaction with other neurotransmitters on physical and mental health.

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“…In psychiatric patients, the comparison of natural cannabis users with synthetic cannabinoid users has revealed that the synthetic-cannabinoid-using group demonstrates more severe psychotic symptoms and agitation [7,8]. It is known that long-term natural cannabinoid use increases the risk of development of mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia [9][10][11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid Use and Depression: Comparison of Natural and Synthetic Cannabinoids

Akdeniz¹,

Sait²

2020

Clin Med Rev Case Rep

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Purpose: Patients who predominantly used marijuana (natural cannabis) and patients who predominantly used synthetic cannabinoids in their history were evaluated as two separate groups in our study which aimed to compare the sociodemographic characteristics and depressive symptoms of these two groups. Method: The sample of our study consisted of those patients who referred to the Polyclinic of Psychiatry at Ardahan State Hospital and were diagnosed with substance addiction. 30 polyclinic patients who defined predominant use of marijuana and 20 polyclinic patients who defined predominant use of synthetic cannabinoids (bonzai, Jamaika, etc.) (SC) were included in the study. The socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were determined, and the depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory. Results: Our study determined the socio-demographic characteristics of the marijuana-using group and the synthetic-cannabinoid-using group as similar. The depression score of the group using synthetic cannabinoids was found to be significantly higher. Discussion: In our study, findings pointing to the fact that cannabinoid use increases depressive symptoms and that synthetic cannabinoids have a strong depressive side effect have been obtained. The cross-sectional characteristic of the study and the low number of subjects constitute the limitations.

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Characteristics of Synthetic Cannabinoid and Cannabis Users Admitted to a Psychiatric Hospital

Abstract: Patients admitted following use of SC are generally younger males who have higher severity of psychotic symptoms at admission, are more likely to be admitted by criminal court order, and require longer hospitalization periods in comparison to cannabis users.

Cited by 27 publications

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Spicing it up - synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and psychosis - a systematic review

Spicing it up - synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and psychosis - a systematic review

Modulatory effects of cannabinoids on brain neurotransmission

Cannabinoid Use and Depression: Comparison of Natural and Synthetic Cannabinoids

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