Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Lesions of Horses.

Shimizu, Akira; Kawano, Junichi; Ozaki, Junichiro; Sasaki, Noriyuki; Kimura, Shige; Kamada, Masanobu; Anzai, Satoru; Saito, Hiroshi; Sato, Hisaaki

doi:10.1292/jvms.53.601

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Bovine mammary isolates harbor genes encoding superantigens, such as tst (18,21), exfoliative toxins (7), and enterotoxins (4). These virulence factors were also identified in S. aureus strains causing pneumonia in horses (14,36,39) or in poultry (11). However, these studies concern small numbers of strains or single isolation sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host- and Tissue-Specific Pathogenic Traits of Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2005

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Comparative genomics were used to assess genetic differences between Staphylococcus aureus strains derived from infected animals versus colonized or infected humans. A total of 77 veterinary isolates were genetically characterized by high-throughput amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Bacterial genotypes were introduced in a large AFLP database containing similar information for 1,056 human S. aureus strains. All S. aureus strains isolated from animals in close contact with humans (e.g., pet animals) were predominantly classified in one of the five main clusters of the AFLP database (cluster I). In essence, mastitis-associated strains from animals were categorized separately (cluster IVa) and cosegregated with bacteremia-associated strains from humans. Distribution of only 2 out of 10 different virulence genes differed across the clusters. The gene encoding the toxic shock syndrome protein (tst) was more often encountered among veterinary strains (P < 0.0001) and even more in the mastitis-related strains (P<0.0001) compared to human isolate results. The gene encoding the collagen binding protein (cna) was rarely detected among invasive human strains. The virulence potential, as indicated by the number of virulence genes per strain, did not differ significantly between the human-and animal-related strains. Our data show that invasive infections in pets and humans are usually due to S. aureus strains with the same genetic background. Mastitis-associated S. aureus isolated in diverse farm animal species form a distinct genetic cluster, characterized by an overrepresentation of the toxic shock syndrome toxin superantigen-encoding gene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host- and Tissue-Specific Pathogenic Traits of Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2005

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“…In human beings, S. aureus is considered an important primary pathogen causing skin bacterial diseases such as impedigo and staphylococcal scaledskin syndrome. In veterinary dermatology, S. aureus and S. hyicus have been implicated in dermatitis of chickens [20,28] and horses [5,24,27], and in exudative epidermitis of pigs [2], respectively. S. intermedius is one of the causative agents of canine bacterial skin disease such as otitis externa and pyoderma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Species Distribution of Staphylococci from Animal and Human Skin.

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. From April 1999 to December 2000, a survey was made on the distribution of Staphylococcus species on the skin of 7 kinds of animals and humans. Staphylococci were isolated from 12 (100%) of 12 pigs, 17 (89.5%) of 19 horses, 30 (100%) of 30 cows, 73 (90.1%) of 81 chickens, 10 (40%) of 25 dogs, 23 (76.7%) of 30 laboratory mice, 20 (52.6%) of 38 pigeons, and 80 (88.9%) of 90 human beings. The predominant staphylococci isolated from a variety of animal species were novobiocin-resistant species, S. xylosus and S. sciuri regardless of the animal host species. The novobiocin-resistant species including S. xylosus and S. sciuri were only occasionally isolated from human skin. The predominant staphylococci found on human skin were novobiocin-sensitive species, S. epidermidis (63.8%), followed by S. warneri (28.8%) and S. hominis (13.8%). The results suggest that the staphylococcal flora inhabiting animal skin are different from those of human skin in regard to the predominant species isolated. In this study, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to examine the chromosomal polymorphisms of S. epidermidis isolated most frequently from human skin. Strains of S. epidermidis showed the greatest genomic diversity in their fragment patterns.KEY WORDS: animal and human skin, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Staphylococcus species.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(3): 245-250, 2002 Recently, taxonomic studies have shown that the genus Staphylococcus can be divided into at least 36 species and 17 subspecies, consisting of 6 coagulase-positive or coagulase-variable species and 31 coagulase-negative species.Staphylococci are widespread in nature and commonly found living on the skin, in skin glands, and on mucous membranes of humans and other mammals or birds. They are sometimes found in the mouth, blood, mammary glands, and intestinal, genitourinary, and upper respiratory tracts of these hosts.Knowledge of the distribution of the normal staphylococcal flora on the skin is an important factor in understanding the epidemiology of staphylococcal skin diseases in humans and animals. However, ecological studies on staphylococci inhabiting human [1, 12-14, 19, 21] and animal [6,12,16,26] skin have been reported infrequently in the literature. We [26] previously investigated Staphylococcus species on the skin of animals and humans during the period from 1987 to 1990, and found novobiocin-resistant staphylococci to be the predominant species in animals, whereas novobiocinsensitive staphylococci were abundantly present on human skin.In this report, we re-examined the distribution of Staphylococcus species on the skin of healthy animals and humans. We also compared the present results with those of our previous report [26] in terms of the isolation rate of staphylococci from the skin and the dominant species of staphylococci isolated.Among the coagulase-negative staphylococci species, S. epidermidis has been isolated most frequently from the anterior nares [1,9,13] or the skin [13,14] of healthy humans. Many reports have concerned the p...

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“…Staphylococcus aureus has been implicated in a variety of infections in horses, including arthritis, dermatitis, phlegmon, abscesses, bacteremia, and wound infections [7,11,15,17,20]. This organism has also been frequently isolated from mares with metritis in Japan [2,18].…”

Section: -Note-mentioning

confidence: 99%