Characteristics of sperm ultrastructure in the gall midges Porricondylinae (Insecta, Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), with phylogenetic considerations on the subfamily

Dallai, Romano; Lupetti, Pietro; Frati, Francesco; Mamaev, B. M.; Afzelius, Björn A.

doi:10.1007/bf02526873

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In both the two cecidomid evolutionary lineages, the loss of one or both types of dynein arms is preceded by dramatic alterations of the axoneme geometry. In this regard, we note that the basic axonemal model common to both lineages is likely to have been a 9 + 0 model, similar to that occurring in the porrycondylid group of Cecidomyiidae [Dallai et al, ]. In other words, the loss of the central pair complex seems to be the first evolutionary event that apparently opens the door to successive ultrastructural modifications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

The evolution of sperm axoneme structure and the dynein heavy chain complement in cecidomid insects

2016

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The 9 + 2 axoneme of cilia and flagella is specialized machinery aimed at the production of efficient, finely tuned motility, and it has been evolutionarily conserved from protists to mammals. However, the sperm cells of several insects express unconventional axonemes, which represent unique models for studying the structural-functional relationships underlying axonemal function and evolution. Cecidomids comprise a group of dipterans characterized by an overall tendency to deviate from the standard axonemal pattern. In particular, the subfamily Cecidomyiinae shows a series of progressive modifications of the sperm axoneme. We previously analyzed the unusual sperm axonemes of Asphondylia ruebsaameni (Asphondyliidi) and Monarthropalpus buxi (Cecidomyiidi), which are characterized by the absence of any structure related to the control of motility (that is, the central pair complex, radial spokes and inner dynein arms); however, these sperm are motile, and motility is driven by the outer dynein arms only. This simplification of the motility machinery is accompanied by a parallel reduction in the dynein isoform complement. Here, we complete our survey of the axonemal organization and the parallel evolution of sperm dynein complement in cecidomids with the characterization of both the sperm ultrastructure and the dynein genes in Dryomyia lichtensteini, a representative of Lasiopteridi, the cecidomid taxon with aberrant and immotile sperm cells. On the basis of the whole set of our data, we discuss the potential molecular mechanism(s) underlying the progressive modification of axoneme in cecidomids, leading first to a reduction of dynein genes and eventually to the complete loss of motility.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

The evolution of sperm axoneme structure and the dynein heavy chain complement in cecidomid insects

2016

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“…Sperm cells have a variety of different ultrastructural characters which can provide useful information for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships at different taxonomic levels (Dallai et al 1996a(Dallai et al , 1996b(Dallai et al , 2003b(Dallai et al , 2004. This is particularly true in insects where the presence of accessory tubules and several other specializations sometimes offer a vast number of different characters that can be used in cladistic analyses.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 98%

The sperm structure of Galloisiana yuasai (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) and implications for the phylogenetic position of Grylloblattodea

et al. 2005

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The sperm ultrastructure of the Grylloblattodea Galloisiana yuasai was described and the sperm characters were comparatively examined in several orthopteroid insect orders for inferring the phylogenetic placement of the Grylloblattodea. The spermatozoa of G. yuasai are joined in bundles (spermatodesms) containing 200 units. Major features of these spermatozoa include a monolayered acrosome, a 9+9+2 axoneme with 16-pfs accessory microtubules and expanded intertubular material, and an evident ''centriole adjunct''. The diffused material observed between the axoneme and the mitochondrial derivatives is considered to be an extension of the three connecting bands observed in other orthopteroid taxa, similar to what happens in some orthopteran lineages. The presence of the connecting bands, even though modified in G. yuasai, suggests that the Grylloblattodea are to be placed in a clade with Mantophasmatodea, Mantodea and Orthoptera.

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Molecular structure of dynein and motility of a giant sperm axoneme provided with only the outer dynein arm

Mencarelli

Lupetti

Rosetto

et al. 2001

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

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The peculiar sperm axoneme of the dipteran Asphondylia ruebsaameni is characterized by an extraordinarily high number of microtubule doublets (up to 2,500) arranged in double parallel spirals. Doublets of the inner row of each spiral are tilted, so that their outer arms point towards the B-tubule of the next doublet in the outer row. Doublets are provided with only the outer arm, and no structure related to the central pair/radial spoke complex is present. When analyzed by quick-freeze, deep-etch electron microscopy, the structure of the dynein arms was shown to share the same organization described in other organisms; however, it appears to be somewhat more complex than that previously found in a related dipteran species, Monarthropalpus flavus, since the foot region of the arms displays a globular extra-domain that is intercalated between adjacent arms. Treatment of demembranated sperm with ATP and vanadate induced conformational changes in the dynein arms. SDS-page suggested the presence of a single dynein high molecular weight band or, in the gels with the best electrophoretic resolution, of two very closely spaced bands. This polypeptide positively reacted with a polyclonal antibody raised against a specific amino acid sequence located in the phosphate-binding loop of the dynein catalytic site. Dynein heavy chain-related DNA sequences corresponding to the catalytic phosphate-binding region were amplified by RT-PCR. Two distinct fragments (Asph-ax1 and Asph-ax2) encoding axonemal dynein sequences were identified. Southern blot analysis performed on genomic DNA using these sequences as a probe showed that they are part of different genes. An intron was identified in the Asph-ax1 fragment at a position corresponding to the site of a nucleotide deletion in the putative pseudogene of Monarthropalpus. Asphondylia spermatozoa exhibited in vivo a whirling movement both in the deferent duct and in the spermatheca, but they were unable to undergo processive movement in vitro. They propagated a three-dimensional wave only when constrained in a bent configuration by some mechanical means. The phylogenetic relationships between the two dipteran species, Monarthopalpus and Asphondylia, based on these biochemical and molecular data are also discussed.

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Characteristics of sperm ultrastructure in the gall midges Porricondylinae (Insecta, Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), with phylogenetic considerations on the subfamily

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

The evolution of sperm axoneme structure and the dynein heavy chain complement in cecidomid insects

The evolution of sperm axoneme structure and the dynein heavy chain complement in cecidomid insects

The sperm structure of Galloisiana yuasai (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) and implications for the phylogenetic position of Grylloblattodea

Molecular structure of dynein and motility of a giant sperm axoneme provided with only the outer dynein arm

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