“…Microorganisms’ lethality is one of the most studied properties of HPH treatment. Most studies on the lethality to microorganisms induced by HPH focus on the pressure and inlet temperature in HPH treatment, and conclude that the higher the pressure and inlet temperature, the greater the lethality (Codina‐Torrella et al, ; Cruz et al, ; Hayes, Fox, & Kelly, ; Poliseli‐Scopel et al, ; Thiebaud, Dumay, Picart, Guiraud, & Cheftel, ).However, other studies showed that in addition to the increase in pressure and inlet temperature, increasing the number of HPH treatment passes could also increase the lethality to microorganisms at a fixed pressure and inlet temperature, providing a viable way to increase the lethality at a low‐pressure level (Donsì et al, ; Maresca, Donsì, & Ferrari, ; Tahiri et al, ; Wuytack et al, ). During the HPH process, the turbulence, shear stress, cavitation, and kinetic energy transformed into heat directly induce an increase of 18–22°C per 100 MPa of the fluid in the homogenization valve (Datta et al, ; Diels & Michiels, ; Donsì et al, ).…”