Characteristics of skarn deposits and related acid magmatism in Japan

Shimazaki, Hidehiko

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.75.2.173

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Their geological, mineralogical, and geochemical natures have been studied and summarized by Shimazaki and his colleagues (e.g., Shimazaki, 1975Shimazaki, , 1980Shimazaki et al, 1986, Nakano et al, 1990. Among these Japanese skarn deposits, two contrastive ones, the Kamioka Zn-Pb and Yoshiwara-Sannotake Cu(-Fe) deposits, are picked up for the present study ( Fig.…”

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most skarn deposits distributed in the Japanese island arc are associated with felsic igneous rocks of Cretaceous and Miocene ages (Shimazaki, 1980). Their geological, mineralogical, and geochemical natures have been studied and summarized by Shimazaki and his colleagues (e.g., Shimazaki, 1975Shimazaki, , 1980Shimazaki et al, 1986, Nakano et al, 1990.…”

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minor silver mineralization occurs as quartz veins and stockworks in the altered Inishi rock both in the Tochibora and Mozumi deposits. It is considered that they were formed in the considerably shallow environments (Shimizu and Shimazaki, 1981), and were associated with effusive facies of the Sanyo-Naegi granitic activity of the ilmenite series (Shimazaki, 1980). The Yoshiwara-Sannotake deposits are small-scale Cu (-Fe) ones, distributed approximately 20 km south of Kitakyushu city.…”

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Yoshiwara-Sannotake deposits associated with plutonic igneous activities are considered to have been formed in the relatively deep environments (Shimazaki, 1975). The related granitoids belong to the magnetite series granitic rocks (Shimazaki, 1980).…”

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare Earth Elements as an Indicator to Origins of Skarn Deposits: Examples of the Kamioka Zn‐Pb and Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(–Fe) Deposits in Japan

Kato

1999

Resource Geology

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: Systematic data of rare earth elements (REEs) are presented in order to put some constraints on the origin of hydrothermal fluids responsible for two contrastive skarn deposits in Japan; the Kamioka Zn‐Pb and Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits. Carbon and oxygen isotopic studies have demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits are of meteoric water origin whereas those for the Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits are of magmatic water origin. The REE abundances of epidote skarn derived from aluminous rocks, garnet and clinopyroxene in calcic exoskarn derived from limestone, and interstitial calcite associated with sulfide minerals were determined for these contrastive skarn deposits by inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). A significant difference in the REE concentrations is not found between epidote skarn and aluminous original rock (plagioclase‐clinopyroxene rock, called Inishi rock) from the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits, indicating that the REEs are generally immobile during the formation of epidote skarn, and that the REE concentrations of the hydrothermal fluid are considerably low relative to the aluminous original rock. In contrast, the epidote skarn exhibits enrichment of Eu with increasing total REE concentrations relative to the aluminous original rock (quartz diorite) in the Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits, implying a contribution of magmatic fluid derived from granitoids during the skarn formation. Limestone generally has much lower REE concentrations related to surrounding aluminous rocks, and thus the REE concentrations of garnet and clinopyroxene in calcic exoskarn, originated from limestone, are variable due to the interaction with the hydrothermal fluids. The chondrite‐normalized REE patterns of garnet, clinopyroxene, and interstitial calcite exactly provide useful information on origins of hydrothermal fluids. The REE patterns of these minerals from the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits show lower (Pr/Yb)cn ratios, and negative Ce and Eu anomalies inherited from limestone with the decrease of This suggests that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits were depleted in REEs, and were not magmatic water in origin, but presumably meteoric one. In striking contrast, the REE patterns of exoskarn minerals and calcite from the Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits exhibit a positive Eu anomaly, and high (Pr/Yb)cn ratios with the considerable increase of σREE and the disappearance of negative Ce anomaly, implying that the fluids were dominantly of magmatic origin. The REE indices are very likely to be an excellent indicator to origins of the skarn deposits.

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Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rare Earth Elements as an Indicator to Origins of Skarn Deposits: Examples of the Kamioka Zn‐Pb and Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(–Fe) Deposits in Japan

Kato

1999

Resource Geology

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“…The δD and δ 18 O ratios for waters in fluid inclusions at Providencia and Leadville (Rye & O'Neil, 1968;, as well as the close spatial and temporal relationship between ores and intrusives, suggest a magmatic origin for the ore fluids and metals (Shimazaki, 1980;Einaudi et al, 1981). The deposits may be associated with subduction-related, magnetite-series granitoids (Einaudi et al, 1981) or with magnetite-and ilmenite-series granitoids as in Japan (Shimazaki, 1980).…”

Section: Ltm Depositsmentioning

confidence: 96%